岩石破坏是能量驱动下的一种状态失稳现象，从能量角度描述岩石强度及变形行为是评价工程岩体安全和稳定性的有效途径之一。为增加能量理论模型分析工程问题时的适用性，准确描述工程岩体变形破坏全过程能量实时演化及分配规律，利用GCTS岩石力学试验系统，开展了常规单、三轴力学试验，结合能量守恒和有限差分理论，推导了岩石弹性能和耗散能的有限差分方程式，采用FISH语言编制了能量耗散模型的有限差分程序，实现了对FLAC3D应变软化模型的二次开发，补充了软件能量计算模块。通过不同围压下岩石室内试验和数值模拟结果对比分析得到:开发的能量耗散模型能有效描述岩石峰后变形特征及破坏路径，可用于研究工程岩体峰后大变形行为，但对峰前压密和塑性变形阶段的描述需谨慎。利用开发模型进一步讨论了深部巷道变形破坏全过程围岩耗散能演化规律，结果表明围岩耗散能集中区与巷道主破坏位置基本吻合，依据耗散能密度可量化巷道围岩压剪破坏程度，评估峰后损伤围岩稳定性，有效弥补了传统采用塑性区定性判别巷道围岩变形破坏及其稳定性时的不足。岩石能量耗散模型在FLAC3D中的应用，扩展了软件适用范围，研究成果不仅可准确定位工程岩体主破坏位置，同时依据耗散能分布密度可量化评估围岩稳定性，为巷道大变形预测预报及加固方案设计提供了一条新途径。

Rock failure is an instability phenomenon driven by energy.Describing the rock strength and defor-mation behavior from the perspective of energy is one of the effective ways to evaluate the safety and stability of engineering rock mass.In order to enhance the applicability of energy-based theoretical models to analyze engineering problems,and accurately describe the real-time evolution and distribution law of energy during the whole process of deformation induced failure of engineering rock mass,conventional uniaxial and triaxial mechanical tests in this study were carried out by using GCTS (rock mechanics test system).Based on the energy conservation law and the finite difference theory,this study derived the finite difference equations for rock elastic and dissipated energies.A finite difference program for energy dissipation model was developed by using FISH language,leading to the secondary development of FLAC3D for the strain softening model and the improvement of the energy calculation module of software.Through the comparative analysis between laboratory tests and numerical results under different confining pressures,the developed energy dissipation model can effectively describe the deformation characteristics and post-peak failure path of rock.The model can be used to study the large post-peak deformation behavior of engineering rock mass,but more attention should be paid to the description of the con-solidation and plastic deformation in the pre-peak period.The model developed was used to simulate the evolution law of dissipative energy of surrounding rock during the whole process of deformation and failure of the deep roadway.The results showed that the concentration area of dissipated energy of surrounding rock is basically consistent with the main failure location of roadway.Based on the density of dissipated energy,the degree of shear damage of roadway surrounding rock pressure can be quantified,which is beneficial to evaluating the post-peak stability of the damaged surrounding rock.

1 岩石能量耗散的室内实验

   1.1 岩石单、三轴压缩试验

   1.2 岩石能量耗散特征

3 模型校验与运算

   3.1 岩样模型建立

   3.2 岩样能量模型校验

   3.3 岩样峰后破坏路径反演

4 能量耗散模型的应用

5 结论