支架的稳定性控制是大倾角煤层走向长壁工作面安全高效开采的关键问题之一，以潘四东矿11513大倾角厚煤层综采工作面为背景，基于现场上覆岩层破断运移规律与支架受载特征的监测分析，采用理论分析方法，建立了工作面支架倾向力学模型，研究顶板载荷下支架的力学行为响应，定义了支架抗倒稳定性系数与抗滑稳定性系数，推导了支架倾倒、下滑临界倾角，并探讨了煤层倾角和设备参数等因素对支架稳定性的影响。结果表明：在大倾角厚煤层开采中，受采高增大影响，顶板破断运移的幅度与支架工作阻力比一般大倾角煤层开采明显增大，挤架、咬架现象明显；受工作面顶板运移的影响，支架随顶板运动而运动，增大支架与顶底板间的摩擦力和初撑力，可有效防止支架倒滑；多重因素耦合作用下，支架抗倒稳定性系数随底座宽度的增大而增大，随支架重心高度和质量的增大而减小；系统分析了11513工作面支架偏斜原因，得到煤层倾角大、断层构造复杂、防倒防滑措施不齐全是支架失稳的主要因素。提出了注浆加固破碎顶板，铺设双层金属网、加快推进速度、安装防倒防滑装置等措施；回采时，严控工作面3煤缺失区和异常区的顶板稳定并及时调整支架，提高工作面支护系统的稳定性，保障了安全高效回采。

The stability control of the support is one of the key issues for the safe and efficient mining of the longwall working face in the large-inclined coal seam. Taking the No.11513 large-inclined thick seam fully-mechanized coal mining face in Pansidong Mine as the background, based on the monitoring and analysis of the on-site overlying strata breaking and moving laws and the support loading characteristics, theoretical analysis methods were used to establish a mechanical model of the support inclination in a large inclined working face, to study the mechanical behavior response of the support under the roof load, and to define the support′s anti-collapse stability performance coefficient and anti-sliding stability coefficient, the critical inclination angle of support toppling and sliding was deduced, and the influence of coal seam inclination angle and equipment parameters on support stability was discussed. The results show that: in the mining of thick seams with large inclination, affected by the increase of mining height, the amplitude of roof fracture and movement and the working resistance of supports are significantly larger than those of general large-incline coal seams, and and the phenomenon of squeezing and biting is obvious. Due to the influence of migration, the support moves with the movement of the top plate, increasing the friction and initial support force between the support and the top and bottom plates,which can effectively prevent the support from slip ping; under the coupling effect of multiple factors, the stability coefficient of the support against collapse varies with the width of the base increase, and decreases with the height of the center of gravity and the weight of the support; from the subjective and objective aspects, the reason for the support deflection in the 11513 working face is systematically analyzed, and it is obtained that the large coal seam inclination, complex fault structure, and incomplete anti-skid measures are the major factors of the instability of the support. Proposed measures such as grouting to reinforce the broken roof, laying double-layer metal mesh, accelerating advancing speed, and installing anti-skid devices; during mining, the roof of the working area 3 coal missing area and abnormal area shall be strictly controlled and the support shall be adjusted in time to improve the stability of the working face support system to ensure safe and efficient mining.

0 引言

1 工作面概况

2 支架力学模型

   2.1 支架防倒防滑力学模型

   2.2 支架抗倒稳定性分析

   2.3 支架抗滑稳定性分析

3 现场案例分析

   3.1 煤层倾角

   3.2 地质构造

   3.3 支架选型

4 安全回采措施与效益

   4.1 开采工艺措施

   4.2 防倒防滑措施

   4.3 技术效果

5 结论