煤层气是一种非常规天然气资源，近年来我国井下抽采煤层气利用率不足40%，主要是由于低浓度煤层气得不到有效利用，低浓度煤层气富集利用是有效的解决途径，但是氧含量过高是限制煤层气利用的重要瓶颈。针对煤层气在利用过程中因为氧气存在带来的安全隐患和利用难题，介绍了我国煤层气资源概况，综述了近年来燃烧法、变压吸附、深冷分离等煤层气脱氧技术的研究进展，介绍了脱氧技术原理和相应催化剂、吸附剂等脱氧材料的进展情况。结果表明，催化燃烧法技术较为成熟，廉价、高反应活性催化剂的开发是提升脱氧效果的关键，用于低浓度煤层气脱氧需考虑CH₄消耗带来的经济性下降；碳材料燃烧法的关键在于温度的控制，减少工艺飞温造成的CH₄裂解；变压吸附法的核心在于高CH₄/O₂选择性吸附剂，选择性的高低直接决定了分离的可行性和经济性；对于深冷分离，需要低温条件并且能耗较大，适合大规模气源的处理；变压吸附和深冷分离均有一定的工业示范基础，但处理低浓度煤层气均存在穿越爆炸极限的风险，工艺的安全评估以及抑爆措施是进一步完善的重点；化学链燃烧法、非金属还原和膜分离目前均处于实验室初期探索阶段，有待进一步深入研究。最后指出除了各项技术不断完善以外，未来将根据气源浓度和脱氧后气体利用工艺需要来选择煤层气脱氧技术，根据各项技术的优缺点进行技术的耦合。

Coal bed methane (CBM) is a type of unconventional natural gas resource. The utilizaiton ratio of coal bed methane drained from underground is less than 40% since the low concentration CBM can not be used effectively. The enrichment of this low concentration CBM is an effective way to utilize. However，high content oxygen existing in CBM is an important bottleneck to restrict the utilization of CBM. In view of the existence of oxygen brings certain safety risks and utilization problems in the utilization process，this paper briefly introduces the general situation of CBM resources in china，and the research progress of CBM deoxidation technologies such as combustion，pressure swing adsorption and cryogenic separation was summarized. The principle of deoxidizing technology and the development of deoxidizing materials such as catalyst and adsorbent were introduced. The results show that the catalytic combustion technology is relatively mature，and the development of cheap and highly reactive catalysts is the key to improve deoxidation efficiency. The key of carbon material combustion method is to control the reactive temperature and reduce the methane cracking caused by the relatively high combustion temperature. The key of pressure swing adsorption is the adsorbent with high CH₄/O₂ selectivity. The selectivity directly determines the feasibility and economy of separation. For cryogenic separation，low temperature is required and energy consumption is large，which is suitable for large-scale gas source treatment. Pressure swing adsorption and cryogenic separation have certain basis in industrial demonstration，but there is a risk of crossing the explosion limit in dealing with the low concentration of coal bed methane，process safety assessment and explosion suppression measures are the focus of further improvement. Chemical-looping combustion，nonmetal reduction and membrane separation are all in the early stage of laboratory exploration，which need to be further studied. In the end，it is pointed out that in addition to the continuous improvement of various technologies，the future needs to choose the coal bed methane deoxidization technology according to the advantages and disadvantages of each technology for technical coupling based on the gas source concentration and the enrichment process of deoxidization gas.

0 引言

1 燃烧法

   1.1 催化燃烧法

   1.2 非催化燃烧法

2 变压吸附法

3 深冷液化分离

4 非金属还原法

5 膜分离

6 结语与展望