为高效防治煤矿井下综采工作面粉尘，针对现有水喷雾湿润凝并粉尘性能差、不能有效覆盖主要产尘源的问题，基于所研制的强湿润性活性磁化水与新型喷雾装备，提出了综采工作面活性磁化水雾化封闭尘源降尘技术体系，构建了主要由活性剂定量添加系统、磁化装置、水动力湿式除尘器、负压卷吸除尘器等组成的综采工作面高效降尘工艺系统。论述了活性磁化水降尘技术体系的内涵及技术特点，同时从活性添加剂及其定量供给系统、高效磁化装置等方面研究了强湿润活性磁化水的高效制备技术，研发了能与磁化协同作用高效改善溶液湿润性能的新型活性添加剂，结果表明所制备的活性剂溶液在质量分数为0.03%时,以4 m/s的速度穿过磁场强度为300～350 mT的脉动与螺旋扰流耦合磁场，产生的活性磁化水具有良好的湿润性能，与质量分数为0.03%的活性剂溶液相比，粉尘沉降时间减少了44.26%，降至34.5 s；此外，针对综采工作面采煤机、移架及转载点3个主要产尘源，研究了新型喷雾装备雾化降尘技术，分别形成了水动力除尘器与内外喷雾装置联动降尘方法、负压卷吸喷雾降尘方法、防尘罩与负压卷吸喷雾联动降尘方法，并对其技术原理、应用工艺等进行了阐述。通过在平煤股份十矿24130智能综采工作面现场工程应用表明：该技术体系能大幅减少井下综采工作面粉尘质量浓度，其呼尘及全尘降尘效率分别达到85.3%,90.8%，显著改善了井下人员工作环境，同时有效提升了智能工作面监控视频清晰度，保障了地面人员对智能化设备的正常调控。

In order to effectively prevent and control coal dust produced in fully mechanized working faces and tackle the problems with current sprays such as the poor performance in wetting and coagulating coal dust and the bad coverage of the spray field for main dust sources,a dust reduction technology system based on the surfactant-magnetized water with strong wettability and new spray equipment for fully mechanized mining faces was proposed to effectively seal up the main dust sources. A high efficiency dust removal process system was constructed including the surfactant addition system,magnetization device,hydrodynamic wet dust collector and negative pressure coil dust collector,etc. The connotation and technical characteristics of the dust reduction technology based on the surfactant-magnetized water were discussed. From the perspective of the surfactant and its ration supply system,a magnetic device,the efficient preparation of the surfactant-magnetized water were investigated. A new surfactant having the well synergistic action with magnetization was developed which could effectively improve the wetting characteristics of the aqueous solution. The results showed that the new surfactant obtained by the combination between alkyl anionic active agents and fatty acid nonionic active agents can produce a good synergistic effect with magnetization. When the surfactant-magnetized water was produced by the solution containing 0.03% surfactant passing through the coupling magnetization of pulsation cutting and spiral turbulence with a magnetic field strength of 300-350 mT at a speed of 4 m/s,its wettability was good,of which the dust deposition time was reduced by 44.26%,to 34.5 s,compared with the original 0.03% surfactant solution. Aiming at three dust sources of the intelligent fully mechanized working faces such as coal shearer,moving supports and transfer point,the spray atomization systems were constructed respectively,i.e. the combined method of hydrodynamic dust remover and internal and external spray,negative pressure coiling spray and the combined method of dust cover and negative pressure coiling spray. Their technical principles and application processes were systematically described. The field application of the system at the 24130 intelligent working face in the 10 th mine of Pingdingshan coal group showed that the novel dust reduction technology system can greatly reduce the dust concentration of the underground working face,and the working face’s dust reduction efficiency of respirable dust and total dust could reach 85.3% and 90.8%,respectively,which can greatly improve the working environment of underground personnel and the video clarity of monitoring equipment. It ensures the normal control of intelligent equipment by ground people.

1 活性磁化水喷雾降尘体系的内涵

2 强湿润性活性磁化水制备方法

   2.1 活性添加剂

   2.2 活性添加剂定量供给系统

   2.3 活性磁化水高效磁化装置

3 综采工作面主要尘源局部雾化封闭降尘方法

   3.1 采煤机雾化封闭降尘方法

   3.2 液压支架局部雾化封闭降尘方法

   3.3 转载机局部雾化封闭降尘方法

4 现场应用

5 结论