煤矿巷道掘进效率低是造成采掘失调的主要原因，而掘进巷道超前探测距离短、精度低，且与巷道掘进存在施工时间、作业空间和探测环境上的矛盾，是导致掘进效率偏低的地质因素，常规的“短掘短探”技术已经不能适应巷道快速掘进对长距离、高精度地质超前探测的技术需求。“长掘长探”的工作模式是以煤矿井下千米定向钻机施工的主孔与分支孔为基础，实现对掘进巷道前方煤层赋存形态、隐蔽致灾地质因素的长距离探查；在定向长钻孔中采用钻孔瞬变电磁、钻孔地质雷达和方位自然伽马等孔中物探新技术，对钻孔径向30 m范围的地质构造、富水异常区进行探测，满足了快速掘进巷道前方长距离、高精度、全方位构造探测和隐患排查的地质需求。工程实践表明：基于“定向长钻孔+孔中物探”的“长掘长探”技术，实现了沿掘进巷道方向的“长距离”探测、巷道周围近距离高精度探测，为巷道安全、快速掘进提供了地质依据；同时，“长掘长探”技术能够满足井下探放水防治水细则的要求，解决了超前探测与快速掘进在施工时间、作业空间和探测环境上的冲突，有助于提高巷道快速掘进的有效时间，具有较好的技术适应性和推广价值，将为今后煤矿巷道快速掘进的高精度长距离超前探测提供可靠的地质保障。

The low efficiency of coal mine roadway excavation is the main cause for the imbalance between coal mining and heading. The geological factor of low excavation efficiency is that the advance detection distance of the excavated roadway is short,the accuracy is low,and the existing detection methods are inconsistent with the excavation work in time,working space and detection environment.Therefore,the conventional “short excavation and short detection” technology cannot meet the technical requirements of long distance and high precision geological advance detection for rapid roadway excavation.The “long excavation and long detection” technology is based on the main hole and branch hole constructed by the kilometer directional drilling machine in the coal mine to realize the long distance detection of the occurrence form of the coal seam in front of the excavated roadway and the hidden geological factors causing disasters.In the directional long borehole,some new borehole geophysical exploration technologies such as borehole transient electromagnetic,borehole radar and azimuth natural gamma logging are used to detect the geological structures and watery zones within 30m in the radial direction of the borehole.This meets the geological needs of long distance,high precision and allround structural detection and hidden danger investigation in front of the rapid excavated roadway.The engineering practice shows that the “long excavation and long detection” technology based on “directional long drilling plus borehole geophysical exploration”can carry out“long distance”detection along the heading direction and close range high precision detection around the roadway,which provides a geological basis for safe and rapid roadway excavation.The technology developed solves the conflict between advanced detection and rapid excavation in excavation time,working space and detection environment. In addition,it meets the detailed rules and regulations for water prevention and control,and helps to improve the effective time of rapid roadway excavation,with good technical adaptability and wide promotion value,and also will provide a reliable geological guarantee for the high precision long distance advanced detection of rapid roadway excavation in coal mine in the future.

1 “短掘短探”的技术瓶颈

   1.1 “短掘短探”的工作模式

   1.2 “短掘短探”的技术缺陷

2 “长掘长探”技术

   2.1 “长掘长探”的技术思路

   2.2 “长掘长探”的关键技术

   2.3 “长掘长探”的应用实例

3 “长掘长探”的技术讨论

   3.1 “长掘长探”的合规性

   3.2 “长掘长探”的经济性

   3.3 “长掘长探”的普适性

4 结论