为提高煤热解废水的可生化性以保障生化装置的稳定运行，需明确废水的毒性来源并评价预处理工艺中废水毒性消减性能。采用三辛胺萃取结合大孔树脂分级吸附的方式将污染物进行分类以克服峰面积重叠和差异大的分析难题，利用发光细菌法评价测得污染物毒性并确定了废水中关键污染物，评估了4种常规液液萃取体系对废水生物毒性、化学需氧量、总酚和关键污染物消减的影响，为预处理工艺的改进提供理论支撑。结果表明，酚类化合物对煤热解废水生物毒性的贡献最大，其中甲酚的毒性贡献最高；酚类化合物苯环上取代基的种类、位置和数量均对生物毒性有明显影响；杂环类化合物在生化出水中残留浓度较高，对废水的毒性也有较大贡献；4种常规萃取剂对废水毒性消减率自大到小依次为醋酸丁酯(96.6%)、甲基异丁基甲酮(95.1%)、异丙醚(92.4%)和三辛胺(79.5%)。三辛胺萃取后废水的总酚消减率最高，但对化学需氧量、生物毒性的消减能力却最低，说明该类络合萃取剂不适合处理复杂含酚废水；醋酸丁酯与甲基异丁基甲酮可较广谱地脱除各类关键污染物，对化学需氧量和毒性的消减率较高，适用于热解废水的萃取处理。

In order to improve the biodegradability of coal pyrolysis wastewater and ensure the stable operation of biochemical device, it is necessary to clarify the toxicity source of wastewater and evaluate the toxicity reduction performance of pretreatment process. In this paper, the pollutants were classified by trioctylamine extraction combined with macroporous resin fractional adsorption to overcome the analysis problems of peak area overlap and large difference. Then the toxicity of the analyzed pollutants was evaluated by  luminescent bacteria method, and the key pollutants in wastewater were determined. Finally, the reduction of biological toxicity, chemical oxygen demand, total phenol content and key pollutant content of wastewater treated by four conventional liquid-liquid systems were evaluated to provide theoretical support for the improvement of pretreatment process. The results show that phenols are the most important pollutants contributing to the biological toxicity of coal pyrolysis wastewater, and p-cresol is the most toxic. The type, position and number of substituents on the benzene ring of phenolic compounds have a significant impact on biological toxicity. Heterocyclic compounds have more residues in biochemical effluent and contribute greatly to the toxicity of wastewater. The toxicity reduction rates of four conventional extractants to wastewater are butyl acetate (96.6%), methyl isobutyl ketone (95.1%), isopropyl ether (92.4%) and trioctylamine (79.5%). The reduction rate of total phenol content in the wastewater after trioctylamine extraction is the highest, but the reduction rate of chemical oxygen demand and biological toxicity is the lowest. It indicates that the complex extractant is not suitable for the treatment of complex phenol containing wastewater. Butyl acetate and methyl isobutyl ketone can widely remove various key pollutants, so the reduction rate of chemical oxygen demand and toxicity is high, which is suitable for the extraction treatment of pyrolysis wastewater. 

0 引言

1 材料与方法

   1.1 仪器与试剂

   1.2 试验方法

   1.3 分析方法

2 结果与讨论

   2.1 废水组成分析和毒性测定

   2.2 预处理工艺对热解废水生物毒性及废水中关键污染物浓度的影响

3 结论