煤与生物质共热解是实现煤炭与生物质清洁高效利用的重要手段，不仅可缓解煤炭需求量不断增加和储量不断减少的矛盾，还可以解决生物质单独利用能量密度低、分散性和季节性等问题。但是碱金属挥发带来的设备腐蚀问题严重制约了煤与生物质单独热解和共热解技术的发展。本文从煤与生物质单独热解过程中碱金属迁移的影响因素、迁移路径、研究方法和检测手段等方面出发，对国内外煤与生物质单独热解、共热解过程中碱金属迁移转化的研究进行综述，以透彻地解析煤与生物质共热解过程中碱金属的迁移机理。总结了热解温度、热转化气氛、升温速率、原料种类等对碱金属迁移的影响规律，碱金属的气相释放和固相转化，及研究方法和检测手段等方面的研究，并对煤和生物质共热解过程中碱金属挥发的原位检测方法作了展望。

Co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass is an important technology to realize the clean and efficient utilization of coal and biomass which can not only alleviate the contradiction between the increasing demand and the decreasing reserves of coal, but also solve the problems caused by low energy density, dispersion and seasonality of biomass. However, equipment corrosion caused by alkali metal volatilization seriously restricts the development of coal and biomass pyrolysis technology. In this paper, the influence factors, migration path, research methods and detection methods of alkali metal migration during the process of coal and biomass pyrolysis were reviewed. A review of domestic and international studies on the migration and transformation of alkali metals during the separate pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass was presented to thoroughly analyze the migration mechanism of alkali metal during the process of coal and biomass pyrolysis. The effects of pyrolysis temperature, thermal conversion atmosphere, heating rate and raw materials on the migration of alkali metals during the process of co-pyrolysis, the gas-phase release and solid-phase transformation of alkali metals during the process of co-pyrolysis, the research progress of research methods and detection methods of alkali metals were summarized. The further research on the in-situ detection of alkali metals volatilization during co-pyrolysis of coal and biomass was prospected.

0 引言

1 煤/生物质热解过程中碱金属迁移转化的影响因素

   1.1 热解温度

   1.2 升温速率

   1.3 热转化气氛

   1.4 原料种类

2 煤与生物质热解过程中碱金属的迁移路径

3 碱金属的研究检测手段

4 结语与展望