针对我国煤矿顶板运动型矿震及诱发灾害频发的现状,采用现场调查､理论分析､现场监测等方法,对顶板运动型矿震及诱发灾害发生机制､预测和工程分类技术进行了研究,得到以下主要结论:① 基于关键层运动模式将顶板运动型矿震分为关键层断裂型､关键层回转型和关键层滑移型3类矿震,建立了基于“关键层运动状态”的顶板运动型矿震的能量预测模型,分别提出了3类顶板运动型矿震能量的计算方法;② 基于顶板运动型矿震诱发井下和地面灾害机制,建立了顶板运动型矿震诱发井下冲击地压和地面建筑物震动损害的一体化力学模型和评估方法,为煤矿顶板运动型矿震诱发灾害的预测提供了基础;③ 提出了分类防控､源头减震､吸能抗震协同防控顶板运动型矿震的理念,形成了以低矿震能量､低围岩密度和高抗震能力为基础的煤矿顶板运动型矿震及诱发灾害防控体系,开展了地面直井压裂源头防控顶板运动型矿震的技术试验研究;④ 根据工作面在压裂区开采期间的矿压显现和相似材料模拟试验结果,大范围压裂措施能够降低大能量矿震发生频次,但也可能改变关键层运动模式,甚至增大井下矿压显现强度｡

In view of the current situation of frequent occurrence of roof movement type mine earthquake and disasters induced in coal mines, the occurrence mechanism, prediction and engineering classification technology of roof movement type mine earthquake and disasters induced were studied by means of field investigation, theoretical analysis and field monitoring. The following main conclusions were obtained:① based on the motion mode of key strata, the roof movement type mine earthquakes were divided into three types: key strata fracture type, key strata back transition type and key strata sliding type. The energy prediction model of roof movement type mine earthquake based on the motion state of key strata was established, and the energy calculation methods of three types of roof movement type mine earthquakes were proposed respectively.②Based on the mechanism of underground and ground disasters induced by roof movement type mine earthquake, an integrated mechanical model and evaluation method of underground rockburst and ground building vibration damage were established, which provided a basis for the prediction of coal mining type mine earthquake induced disasters. ③ The concept of collaborative prevention and control on roof movement type mine earthquake using classified prevention and control, source damping, energy absorption and anti seismic was put forward, and the prevention and control system of roof movement type mine earthquake and induced disasters based on low seismic energy, low surrounding rock density and high seismic capacity was formed. The test research on the prevention and control of roof movement type mine earthquake by surface vertical borehole fracturing source was carried out.④ According to the mine pressure behavior during the mining of the working face in the fracturing area and the results of similar material simulation, the large scale fracturing measures can reduce the occurrence frequency of large energy mine earthquakes, but it may also change the movement mode of key strata, and even increase the underground mine pressure behavior intensity. 

1 我国煤矿顶板运动型矿震类型

   1.1 我国煤矿矿震发生情况

   1.2 煤矿顶板运动型矿震类型

2 顶板运动型矿震能量预测

   2.1 关键层断裂型矿震能量预测

   2.2 关键层回转和滑移型矿震能量预测

3 顶板运动型矿震诱发井下冲击地压和地面建筑物震动损害预测

   3.1 顶板运动型矿震诱发井下冲击地压和地面建筑物震动损害机制

   3.2 煤矿顶板运动型矿震诱发井下冲击地压危险评估方法

   3.3 煤矿顶板运动型矿震诱发地面建筑物震动损害评估方法

4 煤矿顶板运动型矿震工程分类方法

5 煤矿顶板运动型矿震及诱发灾害防控技术

   5.1 煤矿顶板运动型矿震及诱发灾害防控技术体系

   5.2 煤矿顶板运动型矿震及诱发灾害预测技术现场应用

   5.3 地面直井压裂防控顶板运动型矿震及诱发灾害技术现场应用

6 问题与讨论

7 结论