收集了国内厚及特厚煤层综放和大采高综采条件下导水裂缝带高度实测数据，共计179组，其中坚硬覆岩51组，中硬覆岩100组，软弱覆岩28组。在此基础上按照我国14大煤炭基地分布分别列出了不同覆岩类型条件下的导水裂缝带高度和裂采比的范围,绘制了我国煤矿导水裂缝带高度分布图，以此数据为基础回归了导水裂缝带高度（简称“裂高”）预计公式，并重点分析了3个典型矿区导水裂缝带高度分布特征和主要影响因素,以及实测导水裂缝带高度数据之间存在较大差异性的原因，取得以下研究成果:从全国区域来看，实测平均裂采比随着岩性由软弱、中硬到坚硬依次递增，坚硬覆岩的平均裂高分别是中硬覆岩和软弱覆岩的1.52倍和2.29倍，中硬覆岩平均裂高是软弱覆岩的1.5倍；不同覆岩岩性的导水裂缝带高度都随着采厚的增加而增加，且坚硬覆岩条件下增加的速率明显要高于中硬和软弱覆岩；裂采比则随着采厚的增加而降低，且减小速率随着采厚达到一定厚度有趋于稳定的趋势。黄陇基地永陇-彬长矿区属于中硬覆岩类型，导水裂缝带高度和裂采比明显高于我国东部矿区，工作面长度大于170 m时导水裂缝带发育高度受工作面长度影响较大，其高度及裂采比随着工作面长度增加，呈增高增大趋势。蒙东（东北）基地扎赉诺尔矿区属于极软弱类覆岩，针对该类型覆岩条件，依据导水裂缝带发育高度长期实践数据，最小裂采比仅为5，采厚达到16 m时仅为全国软弱覆岩平均裂采比的68%，并提出采用趋势分析方法来预计极软弱覆岩条件下的导水裂缝带发育高度。神东基地浅埋矿区具有埋深浅、基岩薄、土层厚、高强度开采的特点，实测获得的导水裂缝带高度差异性极大，裂采比集中在19～28，最大达到35，明显高于全国尤其是东部矿区中硬覆岩条件的裂采比；但是部分矿井由于厚层红土层赋存对导水裂缝带发育具有明显抑制作用，实测裂采比7.16～7.78，较类似软弱顶板条件下开采裂采比仍降低了15%～53%。由实测数据回归得到的导水裂缝带预计公式具有较好的适用性，可为全国不同覆岩类型条件下厚及特厚煤层高强度开采导水裂缝带高度计算提供依据。

The measured data of the height of water-conducting fractured zone under fully-mechanized top-coal caving and large mining height fully-mechanized mining of thick and extra-thick coal seams in China were collected. A total of 179 groups were collected,including 51 groups of hard overlying rocks,100 groups of medium-hard overlying rocks and 28 groups of soft overlying rocks. On this basis of the distribution of the 14 major coal bases in China,the height of the water-conducting fracture zone and the range of the fracture-mining ratio under different overlying rock types were listed,and the height distribution map of the water-conducting fracture zone China’s coal mines was drawn. Based on the regression of the predicted formula for the height of the water-conducting fracture zone (referred to as “crack height”),the distribution characteristics and main influencing factors of the height of the water-conducting fracture zone in three typical mining areas were analyzed,as well as the differences between the measured water-conducting fracture zone height data. The following research results were obtained:from a national perspective,the measured average fracture-mining ratio increases with the lithology from soft,medium-hard to hard,and the average fracture height value of hard overlying rock is 1.52 times and 2.29 times that of medium-hard overlying rocks and soft overlying rocks,respectively. The average crack height of medium-hard overlying rock is 1.5 times that of soft overlying rocks; the height of water-conducting fracture zones of different overburden lithologies increases with the increase of mining thickness,and the rate of increase under hard rock conditions is significantly higher than that of medium and weak overlying rocks; the fracture mining ratio decreases with the increase of mining thickness,and the decreasing rate tends to stable with the mining thickness reaching a certain thickness. The Huanglong-Binchang Mining Area of Huanglong Base belongs to the type of medium-hard covered rock,and the height and fracture ratio of the water guide fracture belt are significantly higher than the mining area of eastern China. When the working face length is more than 170 m,the development height of the water-conducting fracture zone is affected by the working face length.Its height and fracture-to-mining ratio increase with the increase of the working face length. Jalainuoer mining area of the Eastern Mongolia (Northeast)Base belongs to the extremely weak type of overlying rock. For this type of overlying rock,according to the long-term practical data of the development height of the water-conducting fracture zone,the minimum fracture-mining ratio is only 5,and when the mining thickness reaches 16 m,it is only 68% of the national average fracture-mining ratio of soft overlying rock,and a trend of adoption is proposed to predict the development height of water diversion crack zone under the extremely weak rock cover condition. The shallow buried mining area of Shendong Base has the characteristics of shallow buried depth,thin bedrock,thick soil layer,and high-intensity mining. The measured heights of the water-conducting fracture zones are very different,and the fracture

-mining ratio is concentrated in the range of 19 to 28,and the maximum is 35,which is significantly higher than the fracture-mining ratio of the hard clad rock conditions in the country,especially in the eastern mining areas;.However,in some mines,the occurrence of thick laterite layers has a significant inhibitory effect on the development of water-conducting fracture zones. The measured fracture-mining ratio is 7.16 to 7.78,which is still 15% to 53% lower than that of mining under similar soft roof conditions. The prediction formula of water-conducting fracture zone obtained by regression of measured data has good applicability,which can provide a basis for height calculation of water-conducting fractured zone in the high-strength mining of thick and extra-thick coal seams under the conditions of different overburden types in China.