锚杆支护效果决定了巷道支护的质量和效率，现实生产中一直存在锚杆崩断导致支护失效的问题，给煤矿生产带来了安全隐患。目前国内对锚杆监测主要应用锚杆（索）测力计、表贴式传感器，但是测力计无法实现对锚杆杆体服役状态的监测与分析，表贴式传感器虽可以测量杆体受力但其工业应用效果较差。提出一种针对锚杆杆体受力进行监测的矿用光纤光栅锚杆传感器技术，本传感器利用光栅体积小且抗拉的优势，将多个Bragg光栅链式连接并将其埋入锚杆，实现了对杆体受力变化规律的分析及对杆体破裂的预报预警功能。通过工业试验对系统进行测试，在工作面前方200 m的位置安装32组锚杆传感器共160个数据采集点，应用自主研发的32通道解调设备对光栅数据进行采集存储，结合工作面推进速度对数据进行分析验证。结果表明：在工作面回采对锚杆杆体受力的影响范围约为60 m，在60 m以外影响微弱，而进入50 m以后锚杆杆体受力变化显著增加，同时区段平巷两帮部分位置出现变形；处于内帮的锚杆杆体变化要比同一断面上位于外帮的变化更为明显，外帮杆体局部受力变化量约为30 kN，内帮杆体局部受力变化可达150 kN。单个锚杆杆体受力呈现非线性变化状态，锚杆受力变化最大位置随着工作面的推进而产生变化，受力主要集中在锚杆靠近托盘处的位置以及埋入巷帮中较深的部位；锚杆杆体变形受到轴向拉伸和径向剪力的双重作用；从锚杆单日受力分析得出，杆体并非处于一直变形过程中，在完成一次变形后杆体会进入稳定状态直至下一次压力或扰动到来。

The effect of bolt support determines the quality and efficiency of roadway support. In actual production,there has always been the problem of failure of the support caused by the collapse of the bolt,which has brought potential safety hazards to coal mine production. At present,bolt (cable) dynamometers and surface-mounted sensor are mainly used for bolt monitoring in China,but the dynamometers cannot monitor and analyze the service status of the bolts. Although surface-mounted sensors can measure the stress of the rods,its industrial application effect is poor. In this paper,a mine-used fiber Bragg grating bolt sensor technology was proposed to monitor the stress of the bolt body. The sensor takes the advantages of the small size and tensile strength of the grating,connects several Bragg gratings in chains and embeds them in the bolt so as to realize the analysis of the stress change law of the bolt body and the prediction and early warning function of the fracture of the bolt body. The system is tested by industrial experiment. 32 groups of anchor sensors are installed at a position of 200 meters in front of the working face,with a total of 160 data acquisition points. The self-developed 32 channel demodulation equipment is used to collect and store the grating data,and the data is analyzed and verified combined with the advancing speed of the working face. The results show that the influence range of the working face mining on the force of the bolt body is about 60 m,and the influence is weak when it is beyond 60 m,but after entering 50 m,the stress change of the bolt body increases significantly,and the deformation occurs at the two sides of the channel;The change of the bolt body in the inner side is more obvious than that in the outer side on the same section. The local stress change of the outer side rod body is about 30 kN,and the local stress change of the inner side rod body can reach 150 kN. The stress of a single bolt body presents a nonlinear change state,and the maximum position of the bolt stress changes with the advancement of the working face. The stress is mainly concentrated in the position where the bolt is close to the tray and buried deep in the roadway;The deformation of the anchor rod body receives the dual effects of axial tension and radial shear force;According to the analysis of single day stress of bolt,it is concluded that the rod body is not in the process of constant deformation,and the rod body enters a stable state after completing one deformation.until the next pressure or disturbance.