为将排放量巨大的煤基固体废弃物尾煤资源化合理利用，以浮选尾煤为原料，通过热活化-碱激发法制备了尾煤基地质聚合物(Tail Coal Based Geopolymer，TGP)。考察了热活化温度对TGP吸附Pb(Ⅱ)容量的影响，通过SEM、XRD、FTIR、BET等材料表征分析了TGP的物理化学性质，并进行了TGP对Pb(Ⅱ)吸附行为的探讨。结果表明：800 ℃热活化后的TGP对Pb(Ⅱ)吸附效果最佳，吸附量达228.57 mg/g，远高于原尾煤的吸附量64.48 mg/g，是原煤的6倍；在第六次使用后所有TGP的吸附量均达到最高吸附量的80%以上；当活化温度在600 ℃以下时，尾煤中的硅铝利用率较低，当活化温度达到600 ℃以上时，TGP全部转化为非晶态物质，硅铝元素得到充分利用；浮选尾煤以粒径大小不一，结构疏散的不规则颗粒为主，尾煤表面粘附着很多粉末状颗粒，经热活化-碱激发法改性后，原尾煤结构消失，呈现粗糙疏松的凝胶状；在温度为800 ℃时已经脱出羟基、晶体结构被破坏、产生相变，在1 104 cm-1处的吸收峰是属于Al-O/Si-O不对称伸缩振动，在683 cm-1及以下的吸收峰是由于四面体结构中TO(T=Si或Al)键的对称伸缩和弯曲振动引起，该峰标志着地质聚合物凝胶的形成；TGP的比表面积相较于原尾煤增大了9倍；TGP对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附符合准二级动力学模型，等温吸附符合Langmuir模型，TGP对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附是吸热自发过程。综上，浮选尾煤制备TGP具有原料利用率较高，孔隙结构较发达，吸附性能较好等优点，具有良好的潜在工业应用价值。

Based on the problem of rational utilization of coal based solid waste tailings with huge emissions,tail coal based geopolymer (TGP) was prepared from flotation tailings by thermal activation alkali excitation. The effect of thermal activation temperature on the adsorption capacity of TGP for Pb (Ⅱ) was investigated. The physicochemical properties of TGP were characterized by SEM,XRD,FTIR and bet,and the adsorption behavior of TGP for Pb (Ⅱ) was discussed. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of TGP after thermal activation at 800 ℃ was 228.57 mg/g,which was much higher than that of raw coal (64.48 mg/g,6 times of that of raw coal);after the sixth use,the adsorption capacity of all TGP reached more than 80% of the highest adsorption capacity;when the activation temperature was below 600 ℃,the utilization rate of silicon and aluminum in the tailing coal was low;when the activation temperature was above 600 ℃,the adsorption capacity of TGP was higher than that of raw coal all of them were transformed into amorphous materials,and the silicon and aluminum elements were fully utilized;the flotation tailings were mainly composed of irregular particles with dispersed size,and the surface of the tailings was adhered to many powder particles;after the thermal activation alkali stimulation method was used,the structure of the original tailings disappeared,showing a coarse and loose gel shape;when the temperature was 800 degrees,the hydroxyl groups were broken off and the crystal structure was destroyed;the absorption peak at 1 104 cm-1 is Al-O/Si-O asymmetric stretching vibration. The absorption peak at 683 cm-1 and below is due to the symmetric stretching and bending vibration of TO (T=Si or Al) bond in tetrahedron structure,which indicates the formation of geopolymer gel;the specific surface area of TGP is 9 

times higher than that of raw coal;TGP adsorption on Pb (Ⅱ) accords with the quasi two level kinetic model.the adsorption of Pb (Ⅱ) by TGP is endothermic and spontaneous. In conclusion,the preparation of TGP from flotation tailings has the advantages of high utilization rate of raw materials,developed pore structure and good adsorption performance,which has good potential industrial application value.