鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪煤田原煤产量持续增加，在国家能源安全中具有重要地位。近年来，随着开采深度的增加，以直罗组含水层为突水水源的顶板水害威胁日益凸显。从含煤岩系沉积学、矿井水文地质学的角度，系统阐述了鄂尔多斯盆地北部直罗组空间赋存特征、与煤层的空间关系、直罗组含水层为水源的矿井涌水特点、直罗组地下水赋存特征和运移规律，总结了直罗组含水层水害防治存在的问题及展望。结果表明：直罗组垂向上可分为上、中、下3段，其中下段为一套半干旱气候条件下的河流相沉积，砂体规模较大，与下伏延安组冲刷结构明显。平面上，直罗组广泛分布于鄂尔多斯盆地北部，榆神北区—神府南区直罗组沉积时期，存在1条NW—SE向的古河道，形成了规模巨大的河流-三角洲充填沉积砂体；直罗组古河道砂体对延安组冲刷强烈，使延安组1-2煤、2-2煤和3-1煤在不同地区缺失。整体上，对延安组第5段冲刷作用最为强烈，第3段次之，仅有个别钻孔可见对第3段具有冲刷；以直罗组含水层作为水源的矿井涌水具有涌水量大且持续时间长、水位变幅小、稳定“供水”能力强的特点，且具有很强的隐蔽性；直罗组下段砂岩厚度、砂地比、隔水岩组厚度等从宏观上控制着直罗组地下水的赋存，良好的孔隙度、渗透率为直罗组地下水的赋存提供了良好的地下水微观储存空间；在研究区西部安定组覆盖区，直罗组与上部洛河组以及第四系萨拉乌苏组基本不存在水力联系，主要接受侧向的缓慢补给，补给条件较差，主要以静储量为主。而在研究区东部基岩风化区，直罗组与上部第四系萨拉乌苏组之间具有较为强烈的水力交换，补给条件较好，以侧向补给和上部含水层的垂向补给为主，地下水径流速度快，交替频繁，以动储量为主；针对鄂尔多斯盆地北部直罗组含水层及其水害防控问题，应从直罗组沉积体系控水机理、水文地质条件、矿井涌水量与直罗组古河道砂体含水层持续“供水”关系、地下水源头防治水技术、含水系统的供水及生态价值等方面开展深入研究。

The raw coal output of Jurassic coal field in Ordos Basin continues to increase, which plays an important role in the national energy security. In recent years, with the increase of mining depth, the threat of roof water hazard with the Zhiluo Formation aquifer as the source of water inrush has become increasingly prominent. This paper systematically expounds the spatial occurrence characteristics of the Zhiluo Formation in the northern Ordos Basin, the spatial relationship with coal seams, the characteristics of mine water inflow from the Zhiluo Formation aquifer as the water source, and the occurrence characteristics and migration laws of the Zhiluo Formation groundwater. The problems and prospects of the prevention and control of water hazards in the Zhiluo Formation aquifer are also summarized. The results show that the Zhiluo Formation can be vertically divided into upper, middle and lower members, of which the lower member is a set of fluvial facies deposits under semiarid climate conditions. On the plane, the Zhiluo Formation is widely distributed in the northern Ordos Basin. During the depositional period of the Zhiluo Formation in the North Yushen District and the South Shenfu District, there was a Paleochannel in the northwestsoutheast direction, forming a largescale riverdelta filling sedimentary sand body. The palaeochannel sand bodies of the Zhiluo Formation strongly scoured the Yan’an Formation, so that the 1-2, 2-2 and 3-1 coals of the Yan’an Formation were missing in different areas. On the whole, the fifth stage of the Yan’an Formation has the strongest scouring effect, followed by the fourth stage. Only a few boreholes can see the scouring effect of paleochannel sand bodies in the lower member of the Zhiluo Formation on the third member of the Yan’an Formation. The mine water inflow from the aquifer of the Zhiluo Formation has the characteristics of large water inflow, long duration, small water level variation, strong ability of stable “water supply”, and strong concealment. The thickness of sandstone sand bodies in the lower member of the Zhiluo Formation, the ratio of sand to ground in the lower member of the Zhiluo Formation, and the thickness of waterblocking rock formations in the lower member of the Zhiluo Formation control the occurrence of groundwater in the Zhiluo Formation macroscopically, with good porosity and permeability. The occurrence of the groundwater provides a good microscopic storage space for groundwater. In the coverage area of the Anding Formation in the west of the study area, there is basically no hydraulic connection between the Zhiluo Formation and the groundwater of the upper Luohe Formation and the Quaternary Salawusu Formation. It mainly accepts slow lateral supply, and the supply conditions are poor, and it is mainly based on static reserves. In the bedrock weathering area in the east of the study area, the groundwater of the Zhiluo Formation and the upper Quaternary Salawusu Formation undergoes relatively strong hydraulic exchange, and the recharge conditions are good, mainly lateral recharge and vertical recharge of the upper aquifer. The runoff speed is accelerated, the alternation is frequent, and the dynamic reserves are the main. In view of the Zhiluo Formation aquifer in the north of Ordos Basin and its water hazard prevention and control, indepth research should be carried out from the aspects of the water control mechanism of the Zhiluo Formation sedimentary system, hydrogeological conditions, the relationship between the mine water inflow and the continuous “water supply” of the Zhiluo Formation ancient channel sand aquifer, the water prevention technology of the groundwater source, the water supply of the aquifer system and the ecological value.