为实现高效、清洁的医疗垃圾资源化利用，提出医疗固废等离子气化与燃煤机组耦合的发电系统。在集成系统中，医疗垃圾在等离子气化炉中转化为高品质合成气，经冷却后直接送入燃煤锅炉燃烧，合成气冷却释放的热能用于加热燃煤电站热力系统中2号高压加热器出口的锅炉给水，从而减少汽轮机高压缸中高品质蒸汽的抽取量。以处理量6.72 t/h的等离子气化炉和某660 MW燃煤发电机组为研究对象，基于Aspen Plus平台对原系统和集成系统进行仿真模拟，并通过能源分析、（火用）分析和经济性分析对系统集成前后进行了比较。根据热力学第一定律，系统集成后净发电功率提升了10.52 MW，垃圾侧的净发电效率高达36.21%。从热力学第二定律来看，系统集成前后，锅炉的（火用）损增幅最大，其次是凝汽器和汽轮机，而气化部分总（火用）损为5.11 MW。系统总（火用）损仅增加了0.27%，系统垃圾侧发电（火用）效率为33.41%。根据经济性分析结果，在生命周期内医疗固废处理项目的净现值可达45 764.66万元，动态回收周期为3.05 a。该集成系统具有良好的热力学性能和经济性能，有望为工程实践提供一定指导。

In order to realize efficient and clean resource utilization of medical waste, a power generation system coupling medical solid waste plasma gasification with coal-fired units was proposed. In the integrated system, medical waste is converted into high-quality synthetic gas in the plasma gasifier and directly sent to the coal-fired boiler for combustion after cooling. The heat released by the cooling of synthetic gas is used to heat the boiler feed water at the outlet of No.2 high-pressure heater in the thermal system of the coal-fired power plant, thus reducing the extraction of high-quality steam from the high-pressure cylinder of the turbine. In this paper, the plasma gasifier with a processing capacity of 6.72 t/h and a 660 MW coal-fired power generation unit were taken as research objects. Based on Aspen Plus platform, the original system and the integrated system were simulated, and the comparison before and after system integration was made through energy analysis, energy analysis and economic analysis. According to the first law of thermodynamics, after the system integration, the net power generation power is increased by 10.52 MW, and the net power generation efficiency at the garbage side has reached 36.21%. According to the second law of thermodynamics, before and after system integration, the increase of boiler loss is the largest, followed by condenser and turbine, and the total loss of gasification part is 5.11 MW. The total loss of the system is only increased by 0.27%, and the power generation efficiency at the garbage side of the system is 33.41%. According to the economic analysis results, the net present value of the medical solid waste treatment project within the life cycle can reach 457.646 6 million yuan, and the dynamic recovery period is 3.05 years. The integrated system has good thermodynamic and economic performance, which is expected to provide some guidance for engineering practice.

0 引言

1 660 MW燃煤案例机组介绍

2 医疗固废等离子气化-燃煤发电系统优化集成方案

3 系统分析方法

   3.1 基本假设

   3.2 能量分析指标

   3.3 （火用）分析指标

   3.4 经济性分析指标

4 系统性能分析

   4.1 新系统参数

   4.2 能量分析

   4.3 （火用）分析

   4.4 经济性分析

5 结论