School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology
School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology

太阳能热催化还原技术是二氧化碳资源化的重要技术路线,不同催化剂可实现 CO2向 CO、CH4、HCOOH、MeOH 和合成气的转化。 转化过程中光激发热电子及处于一定热环境中的热力系统的状态同时受到光热转化效率、材料选择性以及系统结构和工作参数的影响,直接决定了系统的转化效率。 本文分析了热驱动二氧化碳催化转化相关的科学技术问题、挑战和需求,系统总结了二氧化碳热化学转化过程的反应热力学和动力学机制,以及新型反应器研发方面的重大进展。指出了考虑入射能量光谱特性与光热催化剂匹配能够实现低能量输入条件下的高转化率和高选择性,通过二氧化碳加氢生产 C1+和 C2+燃料能够有效扩大太阳能光热耦合利用规模并使之与化学工业接轨,具有重要的研究价值和广阔的应用前景。

Solar thermal catalytic reduction technology is an important and emerging technical route for car⁃bon dioxide utilization, and different catalysts can realize the conversion of CO2 to CO, CH4, HCOOH,MeOH and synthetic gas. During the conversion process, the condition of light-induced hot-electron, aswell as the heating system in a certain thermal environment is also affected by photo-thermal conversion ef⁃ficiency, material selectivity, and system structure and working parameters, which directly determines theoverall conversion efficiency. This article analyzes the scientific and technological issues, challenges, andneeds relating to thermal-driven CO2 catalytic conversion. The reaction thermodynamics and dynamic mech⁃anisms of CO2 thermochemical conversion, as well as major progress in the development of new reactors andmaterials, are systematically summarized. It is pointed out that considering the matching energy spectrumcharacteristics and light combining thermal catalysts could achieve a high conversion rate and highselectivity under low energy input conditions. CO2 hydrogenation to C1+ and C2+ fuels production can effec⁃tively expand the scale of solar photo-thermal coupling utilization, and making it in line with the chemicalindustry has important research values and broad application prospects.

国家重点研发项目基金资助项目(2018YFA0702300);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52227813)

帅永, 马丹妮, 颜天天, 等. 太阳能热催化二氧化碳转化机理研究进展[J]. 能源环境保护, 2023, 37(3):13-24.

SHUAI Yong, MA Danni, YAN Tiantian, et al. Solar thermal catalytic CO2 conversion fundamental mechanisms:A review[J]. Energy Environmental Protection, 2023, 37(3): 13-24.