Joint National-Local Engineering Research Centre for Safe and Precise Coal Mining, Anhui University of Science and Technology
State Key Laboratory of Deep Coal Mining & Environmental Protection
School of Safety Engineering, China Uni-versity of Mining and Technology
Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines, Ministry of Education

随着我国浅部煤炭资源日益枯竭,煤矿开采转向深部将成为保障我国能源需求的新常态。针对深部煤炭资源开采面临的煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压及其复合动力灾害等问题,分析了我国煤岩动力灾害机理研究进展,阐述了煤岩动力灾害评价和监测预警关键技术,总结了煤岩动力灾害防治和风险管控措施及技术手段,提出了煤岩动力灾害预防及研究面临的科技难题和科学研究展望:在研究手段方面,研发能真实反映现场复杂地质条件、工程条件及其多场耦合作用过程的科研仪器,发展矿山动力灾害演化模拟与再现技术,揭示煤岩动力灾害的耦合演化机制;在危险区探测方面,进一步发展基于地球物理手段的工作面动力灾害危险区超前精细探测理论与技术,研发原位条件及采掘影响下煤岩层多参量时空分布钻测与反演技术;在风险评价方面,开展深部复杂地层和采掘工程耦合条件下灾害危险性评价关键指标及智能评价方法研究;在监测预警方面,建立煤矿多灾害融合监控预警平台,实现煤矿多灾害融合监控、智能预警和安全态势的准确分析;发展煤岩动力灾害的远程精准区域防治技术,实现煤岩动力灾害的超前区域防控;研究煤岩动力灾害事故数字化应急决策理论与关键技术,实现煤岩动力灾害智能应急决策。通过理论、技术及设备等系统研究,为实现动力灾害有效防控、保障煤炭资源安全高效开采提供保障。

As shallow coal resources are gradually exhausted in China, the shift of coal mining from shallow to deep willbecome a new normal condition for ensuring the energy demand of China. Aiming at the problems of coal and gas outbursts, rockburst, and complex dynamic disasters faced by the mining of deep coal resources, the research progress of coaland rock dynamic disaster mechanism in China is analyzed, the key technologies of coal and rock dynamic disaster evaluation, monitoring and early warning are expounded, and the measures and technical means of coal and rock dynamic disaster prevention and risk control are summarized. Based on the trend of deep coal mining, the scientific and technologicalproblems and scientific research prospects for the prevention of coal and rock dynamic disasters are put forward. In termsof research means, the research and development should focus on scientific research instruments that can truly reflect thecomplex geological conditions, engineering conditions and the process of multi-field coupling. The simulation and reconstruction technology should be developed for the evolution of mine dynamic disasters. Also, the coupling evolution mechanism of coal and rock dynamic disasters should be investigated and revealed. In the aspect of dangerous area detection, itshould further develop the advanced acceptable detection theory and technology of dynamic disaster dangerous area ofworking face based on geophysical means, and develop the drilling and inversion technology of multi-parameter spacetime distribution of coal and rock strata under the influence of in-situ conditions and mining. In the aspect of risk assessment, it should carry out research on key indicators and intelligent assessment methods of disaster risk assessment underthe coupling conditions of deep complex strata and mining engineering. In the aspect of monitoring and early warning, thecoal mine multi-disaster integrated monitoring and early warning platform should be established to realize the coal minemulti-disaster integrated monitoring, intelligent early warning and accurate analysis of safety situation. The remote and accurate regional prevention and control technology of coal and rock dynamic disasters should be developed to realize theadvanced regional prevention and control of coal and rock dynamic disasters. The digital emergency decision-making theory and key technology of coal and rock dynamic disasters should be studied in order to realize the intelligent emergencydecision-making of coal and rock dynamic disasters. The systematic research on theory, technology, and equipment willguarantee the effective prevention and control of dynamic disasters and safe and efficient mining of coal resources.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52227901,51934007);国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点资助项目(U21A20110)

袁亮,王恩元,马衍坤,等. 我国煤岩动力灾害研究进展及面临的科技难题[J]. 煤炭学报,2023,48(5):1825−1845.

YUAN Liang,WANG Enyuan,MA Yankun,et al. Research progress of coal and rock dynamic disasters andscientific and technological problems in China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2023,48(5):1825−1845.