State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing
School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing
College of Civil andArchitecture Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology

为应对深部洞室开挖过程中可能出现的高应力岩爆、冲击地压及外部爆炸等动力冲击作用下造成的洞室围岩非线性大变形,何满潮院士研究团队研发了具有均匀大变形、颈缩明显消失、屈服平台消失等实验现象的 2G-NPR(Second Generation Negative Poisson’s Ratio) 锚杆新材料,并在此基础上,形成了 2G-NPR 锚杆支护工程岩体的刚柔性结构系统大变形控制技术。为了深入研究爆炸强冲击作用下 2G-NPR 锚杆支护工程岩体的整体动态响应规律及力学行为,后续将其应用于国防和人防工程中。在爆炸试验现场研究了爆炸冲击波在花岗岩中的衰减模型,确定了爆炸所需的装药参数,获得了 PR 锚杆支护复合结构和 2G-NPR 锚杆支护复合结构洞室的支护参数;对比研究了在爆炸冲击过程中 2 种不同支护体系中拱顶峰值压力、拱顶拱肩拱底加速度、锚杆轴力以及围岩的动力学响应和相互作用规律,揭示了不同支护洞室的抗冲防爆特性及其破坏模式。研究结果表明:2G-NPR 锚杆能抵抗更强的平面冲击载荷,能量吸收分摊比例占比高,在地下防爆支护中具有显著能量吸收特征,能够起到传统锚杆支护无法比拟的支护效果。此外,针对地下洞室开挖引起围岩应力状态的改变,提出洞室开挖应力补偿理论,并得到了锚杆锚固端各应力分量和位移分量的理论解,为后续洞室支护研究提供理论参考。

The excavation of deep caverns can result in significant nonlinear large deformations caused by dynamic impact effects, such as high-stress rock bursts, impact ground pressure, or external explosions. To address this issue, a research team led by Academician He Manchao has developed a new 2G-NPR (Second Generation Negative Poisson’s Ratio) bolt material with the characteristics of uniform large deformation, obvious disappearance of necking, and disappearance of yield platform. On this basis, a large deformation control technique for the rigid-flexible structural systems of rocksupported by the 2G-NPR bolt has been developed. To provide a basis for the application of 2G-NPR bolt support in national defense and civil air defense engineering, this study investigated the overall dynamic response law and mechanicalbehavior of the 2G-NPR bolt support engineering rock mass under the strong impact of explosions. The attenuation modelof explosion shock wave in granite was studied in the explosion test site and the charging parameters required for explosion were determined. The support parameters of the PR bolt support composite structure and the 2G-NPR bolt supportcomposite structure cavern were obtained. The dynamic response and interaction law of the peak pressure of the archcrown, the acceleration of the arch crown, the axial force of the anchor rod and the surrounding rock in the two differentsupporting systems were studied and compared. Impact and explosion resistance characteristics and failure modes of thedifferent supporting caverns were revealed. The results indicate that the 2G-NPR bolt can resist stronger plane impact loadwith a higher energy absorption share and more significant energy absorption characteristics in underground explosionproof support, and can play a supporting and protection effect that traditional bolt support cannot match. Moreover, thecavern excavation stress compensation theory for the change of surrounding rock stress state caused by underground cavern excavation was proposed and the theoretical solutions of stress components and displacement components at the anchorage end of bolt were studied, which provides a theoretical reference for subsequent cavern support research.

陶志刚,韩惠,明伟,等. 新型 NPR 锚杆支护系统抗动力冲击试验研究[J]. 煤炭学报,2023,48(5):2008−2021.

TAO Zhigang,HAN Hui,MING Wei,et al. Experimental study on dynamic impact resistance of new NPR boltsupport[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2023,48(5):2008−2021.