School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing

选取阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、阳离子表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)、非离子表面活性剂Tween-80三种不同类型的表面活性剂分别与煤油制成乳化煤油捕收剂,对低阶煤进行浮选试验,对比乳化前后捕收剂的浮选效果。采用激光粒度仪、接触角和傅里叶红外光谱分析仪(FTIR)分析了乳化煤油的作用机理。结果表明:在捕收剂用量为6000g/t,单独采用煤油作捕收剂时,精煤可燃体回收率为60.07%,浮选完善指标为30.44%。采用乳化煤油的浮选效果均优于煤油,当采用Tween-80乳化煤油作捕收剂时,精煤可燃体回收率达到最大值,为88.05%,浮选完善指标31.21%。粒度分析表明,乳化作用可降低油滴粒径,煤油在水中分散的平均粒径为167μm,Tween-80乳化煤油的平均粒径为1.19μm,SDS乳化煤油的平均粒径为0.152μm,DTAB乳化煤油的平均粒径为1.52μm。结合浮选结果可知,乳化煤油油滴平均粒径1.19μm且小于3.77μm油滴占90%时,精煤可燃体回收率和浮选完善指标最高。FTIR和接触角结果表明,捕收剂有效吸附在低阶煤表面并降低含氧官能团对浮选的影响,增强煤表面的疏水性。

Three types of surfactants, namely anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cationic surfactant dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ( DTAB) and non-ionic surfactant Tween- 80, were selected to prepare emulsified kerosene collector. The flotation tests of low-rank coal were carried out to compare the flotation effect of the collectors before and after emulsification. The mechanism of emulsified kerosene was analyzed by laser particle size analyzer, contact angle and Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that when the collector dosage is 6000 g/ t and kerosene is used as collector alone, the combustible recovery is 60. 07% and the flotation perfection index is 30. 44%. With the Tween - 80 emulsified kerosene collector, the combustible recovery reaches the maximum, is 88. 05%, and the flotation perfection index is 31. 21%. According to the size analysis, the particle size of oil droplets is reduced after emulsification, the average particle size of kerosene dispersed in water is 167 μm, and that of Tween - 80 emulsified kerosene, SDS emulsified kerosene and DTAB emulsified kerosene is 1. 19 μm 0. 152 μm 1. 52 μm, respectively. Combining with the flotation results, when the average particle size of emulsified kerosene oil droplet is 1. 19 μm and 90% of the particle is smaller than 3. 77 μm, the combustible recovery and flotation perfection index are the highest. The results of FTIR and contact angle showed that the collector is adsorbed effectively on the surface of low-rank coal, reduces the influence of oxygen-containing functional groups on flotation, and increases the hydrophobicity of coal surface.

杨春晖, 侯 艺, 童 美, 等.不同类型表面活性剂乳化煤油对低阶煤浮选的影响研究 [J].煤炭工程,2023, 55(9): 158-164.