Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Safe Mining Techniques of Coal Mines, Hunan University of Science and Technology
State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology
School of Mining and Geology, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering
School of Geology and Mining, Xinjiang University
School of Mining, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology

我国煤矿沿空留巷技术研究与应用已超过60 a, 形成了充填式沿空留巷和切顶式沿空留巷两大技术类型，但是由于不同矿区煤层生产地质条件复杂多样、留巷巷道所处矿压显现强烈等诸多困难，导致沿空留巷技术推广应用呈现起伏。首先梳理了近年来我国沿空留巷主要技术类型、围岩稳定原理、巷内支护技术、巷旁支护技术、适应性评价与围岩稳定性监测方面取得的成效和关键技术进展，分析了现阶段不同技术的应用适用性。然后，总结了目前沿空留巷技术面临的难题与挑战：对强矿压工作面沿空留巷仍未能形成系统理论；充填沿空留巷围岩与支护体相互机制的理论认识仍然存在缺陷；巷旁支护体充填材料力学及变形特性尚不能适应深部、强矿压工作面沿空留巷；沿空留巷底臌机理及控制技术尚不完善；强动载或冲击地压沿空留巷充填体稳定控制研究尚处于空白。最后，针对现阶段我国沿空留巷技术应用面临的难题和挑战，提出了几项储备型技术：厚煤层综放/一次采全高沿空留巷有控切顶–充填围岩协同控制技术、面向强矿压工作面含外加剂改性高水材料沿空留巷技术；针对沿空留巷数值模拟岩石力学参数智能反演问题，建立了一套沿空留巷数值模拟岩石力学参数智能反演工作流，提出了沿空留巷支护参数智能优选设计方法。

The research and application of gob-side entry retaining (GER) technology in Chinese coal mines has been over 60 years. Two major technical types including GER with filling and GER with roof cutting were developed. However, due to the complex mining and geological conditions of the mined-out coal seam in different mining areas, as well as the strong mining pressure behaviours in the retained roadway, the promotion and application of GER technology presented ups and downs. Firstly, the achievements and key technological advances in the main GER types in China, the principle of surrounding rock stability, road-in support technology, roadside support technology, adaptability evaluation and surrounding rock stability monitoring are summarized, and the application applicability of different technologies at this stage is analyzed. Then, the difficulties and challenges faced by current GER technology are summarized: there is still no systematic theory for GER with strong mining pressure; there are still shortcomings in the theoretical understanding of the interaction mechanism between the surrounding rock and the support body for GER with filling; the mechanical and deformation characteristics of the filling materials for the roadside support body are not yet suitable for GER in deep working faces or with strong mining pressure; the mechanism and control technology of floor heave for GER are not yet perfect; the research on stability control of filling body for GER under strong dynamic load or rock burst is still in a blank. Finally, concerned with such difficulties and challenges, several reserve technologies have been proposed: the coordinated control of controlled roof cutting and filling for GER in fully mechanized caving/ full-seam mining in the thick coal seam, and the GER technology with additive modified high-water materials in working faces with strong mining pressure; finally, a set of intelligent inversion workflow for rock mechanical parameters used in GER numerical simulations for GER is established, and an intelligent optimization design method for GER support parameters is proposed.

国家自然科学基金联合基金重点资助项目(U21A20107)；新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发任务专项—厅厅联动资助项目(2022B01051)

张自政，柏建彪，王襄禹，等. 我国沿空留巷围岩控制技术研究进展与展望[J]. 煤炭学报，2023，48(11)：3979−4000.

ZHANG Zizheng，BAI Jianbiao，WANG Xiangyu，et al. Review and development of surrounding rock control technology for gob-side entry retaining in China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2023，48(11)：3979−4000.