开采沉陷是煤炭资源井工开发利用所面临的主要环境地质问题，尤其对于我国东部高潜水位矿区而言，巨厚松散层的移动变形控制与采动减损评价备受关注。为了研究巨厚松散层内部移动机制，明确其对地表移动变形影响，以淮南新集矿区某井田为研究区，通过采用分布式光纤与并行电法联合测试技术，构建超过600 m深度全断面钻孔监测系统，探究巨厚松散层变形特征和内部移动规律。全断面监测系统能够获取煤层采动区域巨厚松散层内部应变、位移信息及监测钻孔周围电阻率变化情况，量化地层监测断面松散层内部移动变形时空关系和渗流场变化数据，分析松散层内地层变形特征与发育形态。研究结果表明：多参量联合测试技术的应用，显著提高了对巨厚松散层移动变形的监测效率和变形定位的准确性，获得了工作面回采位置与松散层内部变形时空演变关系。并根据松散层变形特征，将采动影响过程划分为超前影响期、弱采动影响期、强采动影响期、采后沉稳期4个阶段，揭示了超前影响变形表现“台阶状”形态与采动影响期的“反向3字型”移动特征，同时分析了“反向3字型”移动模式的构成条件、影响因素。基于全断面监测数据，提出巨厚松散层变形多场可测信息量化评价方法，阐明了巨厚松散层在煤层开采过程中存在分层应力积累与释放的规律。研究内容为巨厚松散层内部移动变形的精细化监测分析提供重要的技术支持。全断面监测技术的应用，也可为采动损害过程监测与评价、矿山生态源头减损与减沉、沉陷区土地规划与复垦以及松散层内注浆改造等提供参考。

Mining subsidence represents the primary environmental geological challenge in coal mining, particularly at high water level mining areas in the eastern regions of China. The control of movement deformation and the assessment of ecological losses in the context of extremely thick loose layers have garnered significant attention. To investigate the internal movement mechanisms of extremely thick loose layers and ascertain their impact on surface movement and deformation, this study focuses on the Xinji mining area in Huainan. A comprehensive 600 m depth full-section drilling monitoring system is established using the combined testing technology of distributed optical fiber and parallel electrical methods. This system aims to explore the deformation characteristics and internal movement patterns of the extremely thick loose layer. The full-section monitoring system captures internal strain and displacement information within the coal seam mining area, monitors changes in resistivity around the borehole, quantifies the spatio-temporal relationship between deformation in the stratum monitoring section, and analyzes the deformation characteristics and development forms of the inner stratum of the loose layer. Results indicate that the application of multi-parameter joint testing technology significantly enhances the monitoring efficiency and the accuracy of deformation location in the extremely thick loose layer. A relationship between the mining position of the working face and the internal deformation of the loose layer is established, dividing the mining influence process into four periods: the pre-influence period, weak mining influence period, strong mining influence period, and post-mining settlement period. The observed “reverse 3-shaped” shape movement model during advance influence deformation is verified, and the constitutive conditions and influencing factors of this model are analyzed. This model reveals the law of the accumulation and release of stratified stress during the process of coal mining in the extremely thick loose layer. The research outcome provides an essential technical support for the fine monitoring and analysis of the internal movement and deformation of the extremely thick loose layer. The acquired technical data serves as a crucial reference for monitoring and evaluating the progression of mining-induced damage, mitigating losses, reducing subsidence in ecological mining areas, devising land planning strategies for subsidence regions, and assessing the effectiveness of grouting transformations in loose geological layers.