CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute
Coal Mining and Designing Department Tiandi Science and Technology Co. , Ltd.

针对榆神矿区近浅埋多层厚硬顶板条件下,“大周期”来压支架立柱下缩量大、煤柱应力集中系数高、稳定性差等强矿压问题,采用了数值计算、微震和煤体应力监测等技术手段,对覆岩破断运动及工作面来压规律进行了分析研究,结果表明:覆岩破断运动上,多层厚硬顶板较大的“垂向离层空间”和“自下而上”的顺次交替垮落孕育了顶板“高+低层位组合破断”的时空基础;“高低层位顶板组合破断”是“大周期”来压增强的关键诱因;同时,煤柱应力的时空演化受控于多层厚硬顶板的破断垮落。矿压显现上,工作面“大周期”立柱下缩量平均可达945mm,持续距离12.10m,并可由2~5次连续强来压组成;巷道煤柱应力集中系数达到1.80~2.30,影响范围为工作面前方126m至后方471.3m,具有明显的“高强度、大范围、长上升期”特点。针对该条件下的强矿压防治,分别提出了“弱化低位顶板、优化破断结构”和“弱化高位顶板、改变破断次序”的技术思路,并取得的了较好的应用效果。

In view of the strong mine pressure problems such as large shrinkage of large period weighting support column, high stress concentration coefficient of coal pillar and poor stability under the condition of near-shallow buried multi-layer thick and hard roof in Yushen mining area, numerical calculation, microseismic and coal body stress monitoring were used to study the fracture movement of overburden rock and the weighting law of working face. The results show that: Firstly, in the fracture movement of overburden rock, the large vertical separation space and bottom-up sequential alternate collapse of multi-layer thick and hard roof create the space-time basis of high and low level combined fracture of roof, which is the key inducement of large period weighting enhancement; at the same time, the spatial and temporal evolution of coal pillar stress is controlled by the fracture and collapse of multi - layer thick and hard roof. Secondly, in terms of mine pressure behavior, the average shrinkage of support column can reach 945mm under the large cycle, the continuous distance is 12. 10 m, and it can be composed of 2~5 consecutive strong weightings; the stress concentration factor of roadway coal pillar reaches 1. 80~2. 30, and the influence range is 126 m in front of the working face to 471. 3 m in the rear, which has obvious characteristics of high strength, large range and long rising period. Aiming at the prevention and control of strong mine pressure under this condition, the technical ideas of “ weakening lower roof, optimizing fracture structure” and “ weakening upper roof, changing fracture sequence” were put forward, respectively, and favorable application results were obtained.

刘晓刚, 张 震, 刘前进. 近浅埋多层厚硬顶板大采高综放工作面矿压显现规律研究 [J]. 煤炭工程, 2024,56(2): 72-80.