氢气有望成为接替化石能源的重要清洁能源类型，可以减少全球温室气体排放，但是规模化的氢气产业需要大型的储库来储存氢气，利用地下储层储集大量氢气已成为一条新的思路。以中国鄂尔多斯盆地、沁水盆地及宁武盆地石炭—二叠系山西组及太原组11个不同变质程度煤岩样品为研究对象，利用氢气等温吸附实验，结合朗格缪尔模型、比表面积和总孔体积评价了煤岩吸附氢气量，结合煤岩煤质、有机地化、矿物及孔隙结构特征对煤岩吸附氢气机理进行了探讨。研究表明：朗格缪尔模型适用于模拟煤岩吸附氢气潜力计算与评价，不同变质程度煤岩均具有较高的氢气吸附量，且变质程度越高、有机质丰度越高、微孔越为发育的煤岩，其氢气吸附量越高。煤岩中的氢气主要通过范德华力被物理吸附在煤岩表面，随着煤岩变质程度升高，有机质参与形成的微孔越多，提供的孔体积及总比表面积逐渐增加，提高了氢气吸附量，且较高的孔隙连通性可以提高氢气进入孔隙并被吸附的效率。煤岩吸附氢气量会随压力增大而增大，但由于分子间斥力等原因，吸附速率逐渐下降，氢气储存逐渐达到饱和。中国深部煤层较为发育，为煤层储氢提供了良好的基础，但由于化学反应、竞争吸附等问题，氢气在煤岩储层中会发生损耗和散失。利用高压进行氢气封存或采出氢气会对煤岩储层结构产生不可逆破坏，这对于通过煤岩储层进行氢气的一次或多次储存都存在不利影响。变质程度较高的深部煤层作为储氢层位具备一定潜力，但仍需进一步研究以克服氢气损耗和储层破坏等关键问题。

Hydrogen, as an important clean energy source that can be used as an alternative to fossil energy, can reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. However, the large-scale hydrogen industry requires large reservoirs to store hydrogen, and the use of underground reservoirs to store large amounts of hydrogen has become a new topic. In this paper, 11 coal samples with different metamorphic degrees of Carboniferous-Permian in Ordos Basin, Qinshui Basin and Ningwu Basin of China were investigated. Based on the specific surface area and total pore volume, the amount of hydrogen adsorbed by coal rock was evaluated by hydrogen isothermal adsorption experiment and Langmuir model. The mechanism of hydrogen adsorption by coal rock was discussed in combination with coal quality, organic geochemistry, mineral and pore structure characteristics. The results show that the Langmuir model is suitable for the calculation and evaluation of the potential of simulating the hydrogen adsorption of coal rock. Coal rock with different metamorphic degrees has high hydrogen adsorption capacity, and the higher the metamorphic degree, the higher the organic matter abundance and the more developed micropores, the higher the hydrogen adsorption capacity. Hydrogen in coal rock is mainly physically adsorbed on the surface of coal rock by van der Waals force. With the increase of coal rock metamorphic degree, the more micropores formed by organic matter, the more pore volume and total specific surface area provided by organic matter, which increases the amount of hydrogen adsorption, and the higher pore connectivity can improve the efficiency of hydrogen entering pores and being adsorbed. The amount of hydrogen adsorbed by coal rock will increase with the increase of pressure, but due to the reasons such as intermolecular repulsion, the adsorption rate will decrease, and the hydrogen storage will reach saturation. The development of deep coal seams in China provides a good foundation for hydrogen storage in coal seams. However, due to chemical reactions, competitive adsorption and other problems, hydrogen will be lost and lost in coal-rock reservoirs. The use of high pressure for hydrogen storage or acquisition of hydrogen will cause irreversible damage to the structure of coal-rock reservoirs, which has adverse effects on the use of coal-rock reservoirs for one or more storage of hydrogen. Deep coal seams with high metamorphic degree have certain potential as hydrogen storage horizons but further research is still needed to overcome some key problems such as hydrogen loss and reservoir damage.