为研究水分对CH₄和CO₂及混合气体在煤中竞争吸附的影响，通过自主研发的含瓦斯煤多元气体竞争吸附试验系统进行不同含水率煤对CH₄和CO₂单组分吸附研究，试验结果表明：水分并没有改变CH₄和CO₂等温吸附曲线的基本规律，在相同条件下，水分也未影响煤对单组分气体吸附能力的排序，始终是煤对CO₂的吸附能力大于对CH₄的吸附能力。相同条件下，水分对CH₄的抑制率大于CO₂吸附量抑制率，说明水分对煤吸附弱吸附性气体的抑制程度更大。在进行水对混合气体的竞争吸附影响研究试验，发现：当注入煤体的气体比例保持不变时，在同一吸附平衡压力下，混合气体的吸附总量随着水分含量的升高而降低，并且吸附平衡后的CH₄吸附量和CO₂吸附量都随着煤体中水分含量的增大而减小；而当含水率不变时，同一注气比例下的气体吸附平衡压力越大，吸附平衡后的CH₄吸附量和CO₂吸附量越大。游离相中的CO₂的体积分数始终低于气源，而CH₄体积分数始终高于气源。不同条件下CO₂/CH₄选择系数的数值均大于1，范围处在4.8～5.4，煤对CO₂的吸附亲和能力大于CH₄。相同组分混合气体吸附条件下，CO₂/CH₄选择系数均随着试验煤样含水率变大而降低。该研究进一步完善影响煤对气体吸附的因素的理论分析，以及为工程实践为井下注气促抽瓦斯技术提供理论依据。

In order to study the effect of water on the competitive adsorption of CH₄/CO₂ and mixed gases in coal, the self-developed multi-gas competitive adsorption experimental system of coal containing gas was used to conduct the research on the single component adsorption of CH₄ and CO₂ by coal with different water content. The experimental results show that: Water does not change the basic law of the isothermal adsorption curve of CH₄ and CO₂, and under the same conditions, water does not affect the ordering of coal's adsorption capacity for a single component of gas, and the adsorption capacity of coal for CO₂ is always greater than that of CH₄. Under the same conditions, the inhibition rate of water on CH₄ is greater than that of CO₂ adsorption capacity, indicating that the inhibition degree of water on coal's adsorption of weakly adsorbent gases is greater. The research on the effect of water on the competitive adsorption of mixed gas shows that: when the proportion of gas injected into the coal remains unchanged, under the same adsorption equilibrium pressure, the total adsorption of mixed gas decreases with the increase of water content, and the adsorption amount of CH₄ and CO₂ after adsorption equilibrium decreases with the increase of water content in the coal. When the water content is unchanged, the greater the gas adsorption equilibrium pressure under the same gas injection ratio, the greater the adsorption amount of CH₄ and CO₂ after adsorption equilibrium. The volume fraction of CO₂ in the free phase is always lower than that of the gas source, while the volume fraction of CH₄ is always higher than that of the gas source. Under different conditions, the values of CO₂/CH₄ selection coefficients are greater than 1, ranging from 4.8 to 5.4, and the adsorption affinity of coal for CO₂ is greater than that of CH₄. The selection coefficients of CO₂/CH₄ decrease with the increase of water content of coal samples under the same gas adsorption conditions. This study further improves the theoretical analysis of factors affecting coal gas adsorption, and provides a theoretical basis for engineering practice for underground gas injection and gas extraction technology.