煤自燃预警存在火灾信息感知难的问题，基于煤岩热损伤破坏产生的声发射信号能够进行温度感知，进而预警煤自燃演化的状态。为研究煤在升温及燃烧过程中声发射信号变化，探究煤自燃过程中不同温度阶段煤释放的声发射信号差异及时域、频域变化，并研究声发射产生机制，可为声发射信号反演煤体温度、监测煤自燃提供理论基础。构建了声发射信号测试系统，选取东滩煤矿的烟煤进行试验，测试煤在升温过程中的声发射信号，分析煤在温度作用下变形破裂演化过程以及煤体成分变化，探讨煤升温过程中的声发射信号产生机制。研究表明：煤在升温过程中，伴随产生声发射信号，煤在升温直至燃烧过程中振铃计数呈阵发性增长，通过线性拟合得到相关系数超过0.87，表明煤在升温过程中变形破裂的频次呈增大的趋势；随着温度的升高，煤体产生声发射信号振铃计数增长率与声发射平均频率（AF值）在初始升温阶段较低，在快速升温时数值较高；累计损伤参数在煤温超过80 ℃时出现拐点，主要损伤模式由快速扩展损伤变为渐进式损伤。通过分析不同温度煤体结构和成分的宏微观变化可知，随着温度升高，煤中的矿物转化速率影响煤体内部主要损伤模式，高矿物转化速率对应煤体内部快速扩展损伤，促使煤体孔裂隙衍生扩展，产生逐渐增大的声发射信号。

The early warning of coal spontaneous combustion is difficult to solve the perception of fire information. The acoustic emission (AE) signal generated by thermal damage and destruction on coal rock can perceive the temperature, and then issue a warning on the evolutionary state of coal spontaneous combustion. In order to study the change of AE signal in the process of coal heating and combustion, we explore the difference of and the time and frequency changes of the AE signals released by coal in different temperatures in the process of coal spontaneous combustion, and study the generation mechanism of the AE signal, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the inversion of coal temperature and for monitoring coal spontaneous combustion. The AE signal test system is constructed. By choosing the bituminous coal from Dongtan coal mine as the research subject, we test and analyze the change of the AE signal during coal heating process, analyze the evolutionary process of coal deformation and cracking under the influence of temperature and the change of coal composition, and examine the generation mechanism of AE signal in the process of coal heating. The results show that the ringing counts of coal increase sporadically from heating to combustion, and the correlation coefficient exceeds 0.87 by linear fitting, indicating that the frequency of coal deformation and cracking increases during the heating process. With the increase of temperature, the growth rate of ringing counts and the average frequency (AF value) of AE signal generated by coal are lower in the initial heating stage, but are higher when the temperature rises rapidly. The cumulative damage parameters show an inflection point when the coal temperature exceeds 80°C, and the main damage mode changes from rapid expansion damage to progressive damage. By analyzing the macro- and microscopic changes of coal structure and composition at different temperatures, we find that the mineral conversion rate in coal affects the main damage mode inside the coal body with the increase of temperature, and that the high mineral conversion rate corresponds to the rapid expansion damage inside the coal body, which promotes the derivative expansion of coal pores and cracks, and produces gradually increasing AE signals.