School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Intelligent Prevention and Emergency Response, Xinjiang Institute of Engineering
CHN Energy Xinjiang Energy Co., Ltd.

急倾斜特厚煤层受其特殊的地质、应力和开采技术条件影响,冲击地压防治方法与一般煤层存在较大差异。将理论推导、数值模拟、现场监测等方法相结合,研究了急倾斜特厚煤层的岩层弯曲和煤层能量积聚特征,提出了弱化浅层岩体防治急倾斜特厚煤层冲击地压的方法,得到了防冲关键参数,并进行了工程应用。研究结果表明,急倾斜特厚煤层岩层弯曲时内部岩体破裂释放能量是动载的主要来源,采空区两侧围岩转移、传递至煤层的水平集中应力是静载和能量积聚的主要来源;防治急倾斜特厚煤层冲击地压应弱化工作面浅层岩体的应力传递能力,来降低传递至工作面的动载扰动强度以及转移、传递至煤层的水平集中应力。基于此提出了通过浅孔爆破措施弱化急倾斜特厚煤层浅层岩体的防冲方法。现场工程应用表明,矿井补强浅孔爆破后,工作面微震事件总能量降低了42.38%、总数量增大了471.74%,说明工作面的能量释放由大能量剧烈释放逐渐转为小能量平缓释放,且未再发生过冲击显现,冲击地压危险得到有效控制。研究成果可为类似条件矿井防治冲击地压提供参考。

Due to its unique geological, stress, and mining technical conditions, the control technology methods for rock burst in steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seams are quite different from horizontal coal seams. Using theoretical derivation, numerical simulation, and field monitoring methods to study the distribution of rock bending moments and energy accumulation characteristics in steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seams, the paper reveals the weakening method of rock burst prevention in shallow layer of steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seams, obtains key parameters for rock burst prevention, and conducts engineering applications. The results show that the bending, fracturing and energy releasing of overlying strata of the steeply inclined and ex-tremely thick coal seam are the primary source of dynamic stress. the horizontal concentrated stress transmitted to the coal seam from surrounding rock mass on both sides of the gob are the primary sources of static stress and energy accumulation. To prevent rock burst in steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seams, it is necessary to weaken the stress transfer ability of the shallow rock mass to the working face, thereby reducing the dynamic stress disturbance intensity transmitted to the working face and the horizontal concentrated stress transferred and transmitted to the coal seam. Based on this, the shallow hole blasting method was proposed to weaken the shallow rock mass of steeply inclined and extremely thick coal seams for rock burst prevention. The application shows that the total energy of microseismic events on the working face decreased by 42.38% after shallow hole blasting. The total frequency of microseismic events increased by 471.74%, shifting from intense release of enor-mous energy to gentle release of small energy, and no more rock bursts occurred again. The risk of rock bursts was effectively controlled. The research results can support rock burst preventation in mines under similar condi-tions.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(52374180,52327804,52174162)

钟涛平,李振雷,何学秋,等.弱化浅层岩体防治急倾斜特厚煤层冲击地压研究[J].采矿与岩层控制工程学报,2024,6(3):033039.

ZHONG Taoping, LI Zhenlei, HE Xueqiu, et al. Research on rock burst prevention by shallow rock mass weakening in steeply in-clined and extremely thick coal seams[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2024, 6(3): 033039.