为研究纤维及橡胶含量对矿用水泥基材料性能的影响, 采用水灰比0.34及不同种类纤维、橡胶含量制备的水泥砂浆, 制作试验试件。利用MTS压力试验机对养护好的试件进行单轴压缩试验。试验结果表明: 无纤维及掺入纤维14 d龄期试件抗压强度均可达到30 MPa, 28 d时有少许上升; 随着橡胶取代率的增加, 试件抗压强度均明显减小; 无纤维试件峰值应变在28 d时随着橡胶取代率的增加总体呈先减小后增大再减小的趋势; 掺入2%聚乙烯纤维的试件, 韧性明显增加; 掺入2%钢纤维的试件, 抗压强度明显增加; 试件输入能、弹性能及耗散能增长率同橡胶取代率及纤维掺量的增加分别呈弱化和增强效应; 随着橡胶取代率的增加或钢纤维的掺入, 耗散能步长存在不同程度的增长, 弹性能释放率显著降低, 试件抗裂性能更佳; 按材料性能将水泥基材料划分为高延性、高强度、高韧性、防冲击性及耐久性等5种类型研究, 且对材料性价比进行了分析。研究结果可为改进水泥基材料性能、优化材料配方提供参考, 为煤矿现场使用高韧性材料工程实践和可持续发展提供技术支持。

To study the effect of fiber and rubber content on the properties of cement-based materials for coal mines, cement mortars prepared with water-cement ratio of 0.34 and different kinds of fiber and rubber content were prepared. Uniaxial compression test was carried out on cured specimens with MTS testing apparatus. The results show that the compressive strength of specimens without fiber and with fiber in 14 days can reach 30 MPa, and it increases slightly on 28th days. The compressive strength of all specimens decreased significantly with the increase of rubber substitution rate. The peak strain of the non-fiber specimens decreases firstly, then increases and finally decreases with the increase of rubber substitution rate on 28th day. The toughness of the specimen mixed with 2% polyethylene fiber increased obviously. The compressive strength of the specimen with 2% steel fiber increased obviously. The growth rates of input energy, elastic energy and dissipative energy are weakened with the increase of rubber substitution rate but strengthened with the increase of fiber content. With the increase of rubber substitution rate or the addition of steel fiber, the dissipated energy step increases to different degrees, the elastic energy release rate decreases significantly, and the crack resistance of the specimen is favorable. Cement-based materials are divided into 5 types according to material properties, such as high ductility, high strength, high toughness, impact resistance and durability, and the economic cost of the materials is analyzed. The research can provide reference for improving the properties of cement-based materials and optimizing the material formulation, and thus provide technical support for the engineering practice and sustainable development of using high toughness materials in coal mines.