断层在采动影响下易活化发生滑移失稳，可能引发矿震等一系列灾害，严重威胁矿井安全，因此，需分析受采动影响的断层活化力学机制，提前确定采动与断层活化的互馈影响准确范围。

以山西辛置煤矿213B工作面为工程背景，分析采动影响导致断层活化的过程，建立采动影响断层围岩弹性力学模型，从应力变化角度阐明采动对断层稳定性造成影响的力学机制，构建断层滑移倾向评估模型。采用FLAC^3D模拟回采进程中断层上下盘滑移倾向指标的变化趋势。依据断层滑移倾向指标与断层摩擦因数之间的关系，判定断层活化的临界值，确定断层失稳空间范围，分析断层活化后导致强矿震的危险空间范围。

结果表明：当采动工作面逐渐接近断层时，会导致断层滑移倾向性指标大幅上升。受采动影响，F1478断层和F1477断层均产生局部滑移错动。断层滑移倾向表现出上下盘相互错动的趋势，导致滑移指标呈现出“振动波”形式。工作面双断层数值模拟背景下，回采导致断层滑移失稳与采动的互馈影响范围，为工作面通过F1478断层后的32~200 m，断层滑移错动位置主要集中在距离煤层底板向上12 m范围内。现场微震监测数据推测断层滑移失稳区间为通过F1478断层后的30~200 m，与数值模拟结果基本一致，表明断层滑移倾向评估模型准确可靠，数值模拟分析的互馈影响区间判断合理。研究方法可为类似地质条件的工作面评估断层活化提供技术参考依据，为煤矿安全高效开采提供保障。

Faults are highly susceptible to activation and slip instability under the influence of mining. This might trigger many disasters such as mine earthquakes, posing serious threats to mine safety. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the mechanical mechanisms behind mining-induced fault activation and determine the ranges of mutual feedback between mining and fault activation in advance.

With the 213B mining face of the Xinzhi coal mine as the engineering background, this study analyzed the fault activation process induced by mining and created an elastic mechanical model for the impacts of mining on the surrounding rocks of faults. Accordingly, this study elucidated the mechanical mechanisms of the impacts of mining on fault stability from the perspective of stress changes and constructed an assessment model for fault slip tendency. Using the FLAC^3D software, this study simulated the variation trends of the slip tendency indices of faults’ hanging and foot walls during mining. Based on the relationship between the slip tendency index and friction coefficient of faults, this study determined the critical value of fault activation, identified the spatial range of fault instability, and analyzed the hazardous spatial range of fault activation-induced strong mine earthquakes.

The results indicate that the slip tendency indices of faults significantly increased when the mining face gradually approached the faults. Under the influence of mining, faults F1478 and F1477 underwent local slip and displacement. Regarding the slip tendency, both faults showed a trend of mutual displacement between their hanging and foot walls, leading to vibration waves in the slip tendency indices. Under the numerical simulation of a mining face with dual faults, the mutual feedback between mining-induced slip instability of faults and mining was identified at 32‒200 m from fault F1478 in the advancing direction of the mining face, and fault slip and displacement were concentrated primarily within 12 m above the coal seam floor. On-site microseismic monitoring data suggested that the slip instability of faults occurred at 30‒200 m from fault F1478 in the advancing direction of the mining face, consistent with the numerical simulation results. This demonstrates that the assessment model of fault slip tendency is accurate and reliable and that the mutual feedback range determined by numerical simulation analysis is rational. The method developed in this study can provide a technical reference for assessing fault activation of the mining face with similar geological conditions, thus ensuring safe and efficient coal mining.