为了探讨碳沥青的成因,采用煤岩学和有机地球化学方法,对湘西北万溶江矿的碳沥青特征进行了系统研究。矿体呈脉状产于寒武系灰岩断裂带中,碳沥青外观与煤相似,灰黑色至黑色、暗淡至玻璃光泽、染手、质地较纯、易碎,最大反射率Ro,max超过5.20%。碳沥青样品的顺磁共振分析和显微傅里叶红外光谱分析结果表明,其大分子结构发生明显缩合作用,具有石墨化的趋势。通过稳定碳同位素、族组分、饱和烃气相色谱分析等数据,表现出亲石油特征,与煤有显著差异。基于碳沥青是古油气藏经构造破坏,运移到有利构造部位再次聚集,经历高热演化形成,碳沥青的存在也标志该区失去了寻找早古生代液态石油的可能性。

In order to discuss the formation of anthraxolite, the coal petrography and the organic geochemical method were applied to the systematic study on the f eatures of the anthraxolite from Northwestern Huan Wanrongjiang Mine.The ore body is in vein and from the crack zone of Cambrian limestone .An exterior of the anthra xolite is similar to coal and is grey black to black, dismal to glass gloss, dyed, quality pure and easy breaking.The max reflection rate Ro, max is over 5.20%.The param agnetic resonance analysis and the micro Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis results of the anthraxolite samples showed that macromolecule structure ha d a obvious condensation role and was in graphite tendency.The Stable carbon isotope analysis, group composition analysis, saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatograph y analysis and other data showed the oil-wet features and are different from the coal.Due to the structure failure of the paleo-petroleum reservoir, the anthraxolite was r e-gathered when the migration was to a favorable structure location.After the high thermal evolution formation, the existed anthraxolite was a symbol that this area woul d not have the possibility to search the Early Paleozoic liquid petroleum.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(40872105；41272181)；