针对海石湾煤矿深井软岩巷道支护困难的问题,依据围岩强度强化理论及能量平衡理论对其进行力学分析,采用数值模拟和工业性试验的方法,提出高强预应力均衡让压围岩控制思路。通过在锚杆托盘与螺母之间加装一个恒阻让压管,巷道不同部位的让压管随巷道围岩应力变化产生相应的变形,使巷道围岩处于均衡受力状态。工业性试验表明:锚杆的均衡让压作用可使巷道围岩充分释放初期弹性变形能,并提高支护系统的可靠性,试验巷道25～35d即进入稳定状态,顶板最大位移量为130mm,两帮最大移近量为110mm,断面收缩率降低了50%,解决了海石湾煤矿深井软岩巷道支护难题。

According to the difficult support problem of the mine deep soft rock roadway in Haishiwan Mine, based on the strength intensified theory and the energy balance theory of the surrounding rock, the numerical simulation and the industrial contrast test method were applied to the study on the difficult support and a concepti on of the high strength pre-stress balanced yield surrounding rock control was provided.With a constant resistance yielding tube set between the bolt plate and the nut, the yielding tube at the different location of the mine roadway would have a related degree deformation occurred with the different stress of the surrounding rock in the mine roadway. The surrounding rock in the mine roadway would be in a balanced stressed status. The industrial experiment showed that the balanced yielding role of the bolt could make the surrounding rock of the mine roadway fully release the initial elastic deformation energy and could improve the reliability of the support system.After 25~35 days, the experiment roadway would be in a stable status, the max displacement of the roof was 130 mm, the max convergence of the two sidewalls was 110 m m, the convergence of the roadway cross section was reduced by 50% and the support difficulty of the deep soft rock roadway in Haishiwan Mine was solved.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51204166)；中国矿业大学青年科技基金资助项目(2010QNA32)；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(51204167)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2010QNA31)；