School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Xi'an Jiaotong University

光伏驱动电解水制氢技术是一种十分有前景的绿色氢能生产技术,利用光伏将太阳能转化为电能,进而驱动电解水制绿氢。这一技术相较于其他类型的制氢技术,不仅具有能耗低、无污染、结构简单等显著优势,而且能够将不稳定的太阳能转化为稳定的氢能,为电力系统提供可靠的储能和调峰手段,对于构建可持续能源体系具有重要意义。概述了光伏驱动电解水制氢技术的研究进展,分析了不同电解槽的选型准则,总结了提高电解水催化剂性能的方法,并探讨光伏电解系统集成放大的优化策略。首先,基于能源危机的背景,指出光伏驱动电解水制氢对于构建可持续能源体系的重要性。接着,介绍了光伏电解水的基本概念,分析了不同电解水技术的原理及优缺点,指出提升电解效率的关键因素。随后,探讨了电解水催化剂的设计与优化方法,特别是在电子结构调控、界面工程和表面工程等方面的创新方法,总结了提高电解水制氢效率的有效策略。进一步,评估了光伏电解系统的耦合构型对效率的影响,讨论了系统集成放大的技术难题。最后,对光伏驱动电解水制氢技术面对的挑战以及未来研究方向进行了展望。对光伏驱动电解制氢技术研究进展进行了详尽的概述,以期为该技术的进一步发展和应用推广提供借鉴。

Photovoltaic driven hydrogen electrolysis,using photovoltaic power to produce hydrogen by electrolysis of water,is a promisinggreen hydrogen production technology,and has significant advantages compared with other types of hydrogen production technology.This technology not only possesses notable advantages such as low energy consumption, pollution-free operation, and a simple structure,but it also converts unstable solar energy into stable hydrogen energy, offering reliable energy storage and peak-shaving capabilities forpower systems. It is of great significance for establishing a sustainable energy system. In this paper,the research progress of photovoltaicdriven water electrolysis technology is summarized, and optimization strategies for water electrolysis catalysts as well as the integrationmethods of photovoltaic-electrolysis systems are discussed. Firstly,given the background of energy crisis, the importance of photovoltaicdriven hydrogen electrolysis in constructing the sustainable energy system is highlighted. Subsequently, the basic concepts ofphotovoltaic-electrolysis are introduced, by analyzing the principles and characteristics of different water electrolysis technologies, the keyfactors for enhancing electrolysis efficiency are revealed. Then, the design and optimization strategies of water electrolysis catalysts areexplored, especially innovative approaches in electronic structure modulation, interface engineering, and surface engineering, and theexisting strategies for improving the efficiency of hydrogen production by photovoltaic-electrolysis are summarized. Furthermore, theimpact of coupling configurations on the efficiency of photovoltaic electrolysis systems is evaluated, and the technical difficultiesassociated with system integration and scaling-up are discussed. Finally,the challenges and future research directions of photovoltaic- electrolysis technology for hydrogen production are prospected. A detailed overview of the photovoltaic driven hydrogen electrolysistechnology was provided,giving reference for the large-scale application and promotion of photovoltaic-electrolysis.

国家重点研发计划基金资助项目(2021YFF0501900)

陈新,任李萍,陈春迎,等.光伏驱动电解水制氢技术的研究进展与挑战[J].洁净煤技术,2024,30(12):38−55.

CHEN Xin, REN Liping, CHEN Chunying, et al. Research progress and challenges of photovoltaic-driven electrolysis water splitting for hydrogen production[J].Clean Coal Technology,2024,30(12):38−55.