快速准确判识矿井水源是预防和治理矿井水害的关键条件。以我国东部草原矿区敏东一矿为研究区，采集了多种矿井充水水源样品，通过绘制Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子比例系数图等，分析了不同类型水样的水化学特征及离子作用，定性判识了矿井水的主要来源；利用氢氧同位素计算，定量分析了矿井水源的所占比例。研究结果表明：矿井间接充水水源（大气降水、地表水、第四系潜水和Ⅰ含水层水）的水化学类型为HCO₃−Ca型，II含水层水的水化学类型为HCO₃−Ca与HCO₃−Na混合型；直接充水水源III含水层水和矿井涌水的水化学类型均为HCO₃−Na型，且III含水层水为矿井涌水的主要补给来源；地下水及矿井水中主要离子Ca²⁺、Na⁺和HCO₃⁻形成受岩石风化控制，主要的来源于钾长石、钠长石、钙长石等硅酸盐矿物的溶解；结合同位素氚含量的计算得到的第四系、I含水层、II含水层、III含水层的各地下水相对平均年龄分别为18.48、57.88、69.24、69.24年，而矿井涌水的平均年龄也为69.24年，且矿井水的δD、δ¹⁸O平均值最接近II含水层水和III含水层水，矿井涌水主要为II含水层水和III含水层水的混合体，II含水层水和III含水层水分别约占据矿井总涌水量的11.1%和89.9%，混合比例约1∶9。

Fast and accurate identification of mine water source is the key condition to prevent and control mine water damage. This study takes Mindong No.1 Mine in grassland mining area of east China as the research area, collects a variety of mine water source samples, and analyzes the hydro-chemical characteristics of different types of water samples by drawing Piper three-line diagram and Gibbs diagram and ionic proportional coefficients diagram, and qualitatively identifies several types of mine water source. In addition, the proportion of mine water source is quantitatively analyzed by the calculation of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes. The hydro-chemical type of mine indirect water sources (atmospheric precipitation, surface water, quaternary diving and aquifer water I) is HCO₃-Ca, and the hydro-chemical type of aquifer water II is HCO₃-Ca mixed with HCO₃-Na. The hydro-chemical types of aquifer III water and mine gushing water are both HCO₃-Na type, and aquifer III water is the main recharge source of mine gushing water. The formation of Ca²⁺, Na⁺ and HCO₃⁻ in groundwater and mine water is controlled by rock weathering, and mainly comes from the dissolution of silicate minerals such as potassium feldspar, albite and calcium feldspar. Combined with the calculation of isotope tritium content, the relative average age of water in the Quaternary, I aquifer, II aquifer and III aquifer is 18.48, 57.88, 69.24, 69.24 years, respectively. The average age of mine water gushing is 69.24 years, and the average values of δD and δ¹⁸O of mine water are closest to aquifer II and aquifer III water. Mine water gushing is mainly a mixture of aquifer II and III water, accounting for 11.1% and 89.9% of the total mine water gushing, respectively. The mixing ratio is about 1∶9.