为了探究松软煤巷变形规律和控制技术,以深部梯形煤巷为研究对象,通过Flac-3D软件模拟不同帮煤厚度下巷道变形,揭示了1.0m、2.5m和8.0m煤厚下巷道变形特征;通过耦合支护模型分析,提出了“锚+喷+注+W型钢带”耦合支护技术,并结合数值模拟和现场巷道试验,验证耦合支护技术可行性,研究结果表明:巷道变形量与煤层厚度呈正比例特征;软帮巷道变形呈现非对称性变形特征;模拟耦合支护巷道最大水平移近量减少91.6%,左侧底板最大移近量减少95.8%,最大水平移近量减少88.7%,现场试验中巷道最大变形量为40mm,被动支护锚固力处于80~85kN,说明了耦合支护改善了松软帮结构,补偿了抵抗强度,实现强度耦合、锚固力耦合和能量耦合,松软帮煤巷得到有效的控制,为深部松软煤巷支护提供技术参考。

 In order to explore the deformation law and control technology of soft coal roadway, deep trapezoidalcoal roadway was taken as the research object. Flac-3D software was used to simulate the deformation of roadwayunder different coal thickness, revealing the deformation characteristics of roadway under 1. 0 m, 2. 5 m and 8. 0 mcoal thickness. By analyzing the coupling support model, a coupling support technology of “ anchor + spray +injection + W-shaped steel strip” was proposed, and the feasibility of the coupling support technology was verifiedthrough numerical simulation and on-site tunnel experiments. The research results showed that the deformation ofthe tunnel was proportional to the thickness of the coal seam, the deformation of the soft slope roadway exhibitedasymmetric deformation characteristics, and the maximum horizontal displacement of the simulated coupled supportroadway decreased by 91. 6%, the maximum displacement of the left bottom plate decreased by 95. 8%, and themaximum horizontal displacement decreased by 88. 7% . In on-site tests, the maximum deformation of the roadwaywas 40 mm, and the passive support anchoring force was between 80 ~ 85 kN. This indicated that coupled supportimproved the soft rock structure, and compensated for resistance strength, and achieved strength coupling,anchoring force coupling, and energy coupling, and effectively controlled the soft rock roadway, providing technicalreference for deep soft rock roadway support.