CHN Zhunneng Group Co., Ltd.
School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology

随着露天煤矿年生产能力的提高,露天煤矿粉尘污染逐渐加重,与产尘点接触最为紧密的电铲驾驶员受其影响较大。针对露天煤矿粉尘扩散污染严重,煤矿职工职业病患病概率增加等问题,通过测定尘样理化特性,分析对人体危害程度。研究结果表明:粒径小于10μm可吸入颗粒总占比为8.34%,驾驶室内呼吸性粉尘占比较低,大部分粉尘在驾驶员鼻腔内迅速沉积;采集尘样孔隙数量较少,明显无发达孔隙结构;电铲驾驶室粉尘含有较多碳元素和金属元素,使得电铲操作人员患尘肺概率增加;电铲驾驶室粉尘中重金属含量为1.244%,其中铁元素占比为0.8096%,钛元素占比为0.3355%,锆元素占比为0.0989%。

With the increase of annual production capacity in open-pit coal mines, dust pollution in open-pit coal mines is gradually worsening. The electric shovel drivers who have the most close contact with the dust producing points are greatly affected. In view of the problems of serious dust diffusion pollution in open-pit coal mines, the increased probability of occupational diseases among coal mine workers and so on, by measuring the physical and chemical characteristics of dust samples, the degree of harm to human body is analyzed. The research results show that the total proportion of inhalable particles with a particle size less than 10 μm is 8.34%, and the proportion of respiratory dust inner the drivering cab is relatively low. Most of the dust quickly deposits in the driver's nasal cavity; The number of pores for collecting dust samples is relatively small, and there is clearly no developed pore structure; The dust in the electric shovel driving cab contains a relatively high amount of carbon elements and metal elements, which increases the probability of electric shovel operators suffering from pneumoconiosis; The heavy metal content in the dust of the electric shovel driving cab is 1.244%, with iron element accounting for 0.809 6%, titanium element accounting for 0.335 5%, and zirconium element accounting for 0.098 9%.