College of Arts, Xi’ an University of Science and Technology

为有效评价矿工对自救器的满意度,设计符合矿工需求的自救器,提出一种以用户需求为导向的产品设计流程,改进煤矿用自救器的开发过程。首先对煤矿用自救器用户需求展开调研,通过KJ法构建用户需求体系,其次利用KANO模型量化用户需求并结合敏感度排序明确设计目标,构建KANO模型下的需求要素与FBS功能要素转化,经过FBS模型的映射转化,确定煤矿用自救器产品设计所需的结构,最后完成自救器在使用方式和信息识别上的设计优化。结果表明:煤矿用自救器用户需求指标体系中操作便捷、安全供氧及故障反馈是目前亟待改进的需求,需求敏感度分别达到1.071、0.906、0.866;设计后的煤矿用自救器经过平均操作用时测试对比,发现其使用效率高于现有产品,模糊综合评价法验证得出设计后的煤矿用自救器用户满意度较高。该研究有效解决了煤矿用自救器现有产品操作不便、日常维护困难等问题,验证了KA-NO-FBS模型的有效性和指导价值,为未来煤矿用自救器设计与优化提供参考。

To effectively evaluate miners’ satisfaction with the self-rescuer and design a self-rescuer that meets their needs, a user-oriented product design process is proposed to improve the development process. The first step involves conducting a survey to explore the user requirements for the coal mine self-rescuer. The KJ method is then employed to construct a user requirement system. The KANO model is adopted to quantify the user requirements, and the design objectives are determined through sensitivi- ty ranking. The requirement elements under the KANO model and FBS functional elements are conver- ted, and the FBS model is chosen to map and transform the requirements, with a necessary structure es- tablished for the design of the coal mine self-rescuer. Finally, the design is optimized in terms of usage and information recognition. The results indicate that the key areas for improvement in the coal mine self-rescuer’ s user requirement indicators are ease of operation, safe oxygen supply, and fault feed- back, with sensitivity scores of 1. 071, 0. 906, and 0. 866, respectively. By average operation time tes- ting, the self-rescuer designed for coal mines showed higher usage efficiency compared to the existing products. The introduction of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method verified the higher user satisfac- tion with the designed self-rescuer for coal mines. This study effectively addresses such issues as incon- venient operation and difficult daily maintenance of the existing coal mine self-rescuers. Furthermore, it provides valuable insights into the effectiveness and guiding value of the KANO-FBS model, a reference for future design and optimization of coal mine self-rescuers.

国家自然科学基金项目(52104220);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021GY-131)

张娜,马永超.KANO-FBS模型下的煤矿用自救器用户需求研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2024,44(5):1008-1018.

ZHANG Na, MA Yongchao. Research on the user requirements of self-rescuers for coal mines under the KANO-FBS model[ J] . Jour-nal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology, 2024, 44( 5) : 1008- 1018.