煤矿井下近水平定向钻孔可实现超前、区域、精准灾害防治与瓦斯抽采利用，在煤矿地质保障中发挥着重要作用。系统介绍了国内外煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进技术发展历程与应用现状，对国内定向钻进装备中的钻机、泥浆泵车、防爆型随钻测量系统、包括中心通缆钻杆、螺杆马达和钻头在内的配套钻具、包括滑动定向钻进和复合定向钻进在内的定向钻进工艺技术与套铣打捞工艺技术等关键技术和装备进行了简要分析和总结，对小体积防爆型随钻测量系统中的有线随钻测量系统、泥浆脉冲无线随钻测量系统、电磁波无线随钻测量系统和地质导向随钻测量系统的功能特点及适用性做了明确的阐述，针对解决提高复杂顶板岩层中定向钻进成孔率、超深孔钻进施工能力和地层适应性等难题，介绍了成套技术与装备在保德煤矿、龙王沟煤矿和顾桥煤矿进行顺煤层超深定向钻孔和复杂顶板高位定向钻孔具有代表性的典型现场应用案例。基于成套技术与装备发展现状和现场应用，展望了煤矿井下随钻测量定向钻进技术与装备的发展方向和趋势，指出装备的自动化、信息化和智能化将成为技术攻关的方向与现场重点需求，高效快速钻进的旋转导向钻进系统和大直径定向钻孔将得到现场实践验证。

Near-horizontal directional drilling in coal mine can realize advanced, regional and accurate disaster prevention and gas extraction and utilization, and plays an important role in coal mine geological guarantee. This paper systematically introduces the development course and application status of directional drilling technology with measurement while drilling in underground coal mines at home and abroad.For drilling rigs, mud pump vehicles, explosion-proof while drilling measurement systems in domestic directional drilling equipment, supporting drilling tools, including central cable drill pipes, screw motors and drill bits,the key technologies and equipment, including sliding directional drilling and compound directional drilling, and sleeve milling and salvage technology, are briefly analyzed and summarized. The functional characteristics and applicability of wired while drilling measurement system, mud pulse wireless while drilling measurement system, electromagnetic wave wireless while drilling measurement system and geological guidance while drilling measurement system in small volume explosion-proof while drilling measurement system are described.In order to improve directional drilling hole formation rate, ultra-deep hole drilling construction ability and formation adaptability in complex roof,the paper introduces the typical field application cases of ultra-deep directional drilling and high directional drilling of complex roof in Baode Mine, Longwanggou Mine and Guqiao Mine. Based on development status and field application of complete set of technology and equipment, the development direction and trend of directional drilling technology and equipment with measurement while drilling in underground coal mine are prospected. The automation, information and intelligence of the equipment will become the direction of technical research and key requirements of the field.The rotary guided drilling system and large diameter directional drilling system with high efficiency and fast drilling will be verified by the field practice.