通过分析南海北部岩芯、钻井等揭露的含煤地层信息，尤其是基于地震勘探资料，采用构造与盆地演化、钻井与地震剖面识别相结合、沉积与控制泥炭聚积主控因素相结合的分析思路与方法，分析了中国南海成煤盆地构造特征及演化、晚始新世—中新世南海各盆地沉积充填与成煤特征，获得了中国南海整体成煤及煤系分布基本认识。研究表明，南海北部盆地主要发育渐新统含煤地层，而南海南部盆地则相对较为复杂，始新统、渐新统和中新统含煤地层都有分布;含煤地层主要发育在南海北部、西部和南部的浅水区域，包括三角洲平原、扇三角洲平原、河流泛滥平原、滨湖平原、潟湖-潮坪等环境;晚始新世—早渐新世，南海北部和西部盆地边缘一般发育河流、滨湖、三角洲和扇三角洲沉积，南海南部盆地边缘发育三角洲和滨海沉积，这些都是成煤的有利场所。其中，渐新世的成煤强度最大。晚渐新世，南海盆地的海水影响范围扩大，陆相盆地范围缩小，陆相湖盆逐渐向海陆过渡相或海相演化，成煤强度逐渐减弱。中新世，南海盆地大部为海相沉积，仅在盆地边缘地带发育不同规模三角洲、扇三角洲等，分布范围不大，成煤强度较弱。基于中国海域区特别是大南海盆地典型时期的煤系发育与分布情况分析、预测，并综合中国陆域区已有的中国新生代煤系分布资料，完成了海域区与陆域区的煤系分布的整合，初步实现了中国新生代煤系分布及预测图的拼接。

Based on the systematic analysis of coalbearing strata information revealed by cores,drillings and seismic surveys in the northern basin of the South China Sea,using the research ideas and methods of the tectonic combined with basin evolution,drilling combined with seismic section identification and deposit combined with the peat accumulation main control factors,the tectonic characteristics and evolution law of the South China Sea basin group,the sedimentary and coalforming characteristics of each coal basin in South China Sea during late EoceneMiocene were analyzed,and the basic understanding of coalforming mechanism and coalbearing strata distribution in the South China Sea basin group were obtained.The results show that the Oligocene coalbearing strata were mainly developed in the northern basins of the South China Sea,while the southern basins of the South China Sea were more complex,with coalbearing strata developed in Eocene,Oligocene and Miocene.The coalbearing strata were mainly developed in the shallow water areas in the north,west and south basins of the South China Sea,including the delta plain,fan delta plain,river flood plain,lakeside plain,lagoontidal flat and other environments.In the late Eoceneearly Oligocene,river,lakeside,delta and fan delta deposits were generally developed in the northern and western margins basins of the South China Sea,and delta and coastal deposits were developed in the southern margins basins of the South China Sea,which were all good coalforming sittings.Among them,the coalforming intensity of the Oligocene was the largest.In the late Oligocene,the area affected by seawater in the South China Sea basin group was continuously expanded,and the continental basin scope was correspondingly reduced,and gradually evolved into the marineterrestrial transition facies basin and marine facies basin,and the coalforming intensity gradually weakened.In the Miocene,most part of the South China Sea basin group were marine sedimentary environment,and only the small deltas and fan deltas were developed at the edge of each coal basin,and the coalforming intensity was weak

1 中国南海海域成煤盆地分布特征

    1.1 南海构造特征

    1.2 成煤盆地分布

2 中国南海海域煤系分布主要控制因素

    2.1 含煤沉积特征——以北部琼东南盆地和南部曾母盆地为例

    2.2 煤系分布主要控制因素

3 中国南海海域煤系分布探讨

    3.1 分析方法与技术

    3.2 中国南海海域煤系分布预测

4 结论与讨论