随着智能化装备和工业机器人技术的发展,矿山开采过程逐渐趋向无人/ 少人化,亟需解决数据的高效连续传输问题,如矿山动态协同作业场景下大量的数据采集和传输、多样的用户设备接入以及低时延的控制操作等。深入剖析了矿山动态协同作业场景的通信技术需求、矿山无线通信技术的应用现状与发展趋势,分析了当前矿山无线通信的关键技术瓶颈、相关解决方案及其应用效果。得出分布式多源、多目标动态业务的激增及其并发式的传输是矿山高可靠、低时延多业务交互协同网络所面临的最大问题。如何利用矿山用户、设备群体的协同作业特点和对应的动态业务属性,有针对性地对通信网络的物理信道、物理资源进行管理和分配,则是从根本上有效优化网络可靠性,提高传输效率的关键。为此,提出了多业务属性驱动的矿山动态协同作业场景无线通信模式:在提取矿山非高斯脉冲干扰特征及无线信道空-时-频域统计特性的基础上,面向作业场景深入挖掘业务特性与物理层传输的内在关联,利用超图匹配、图论、博弈论、非正交多址接入等方法,从信道-链路-业务快速多维匹配的角度解决多用户协同交互传输通信链路和信道的匹配、多跳用户链路匹配、多业务QoS 要求与链路匹配等快速匹配问题。对解决动态协同作业场景下制约全面感知、交互和控制的无线通信关键技术瓶颈问题,推动矿山智能化开采技术革命有重要意义。

With the development of intelligent equipment and industrial robot technology,the mining process has graduallytended to be unmanned or less manned. In the dynamic cooperative operation for mining scenarios,it is urgent to solve the large-scale data collection and transmission,diverse equipment access,low-latency control operations,as wellas other efficient and continuous data transmission and process problems. In this paper,the communication requirementsfor a dynamic cooperative operation in mining scenarios,and the application and the development trend of wireless communication technologies in mines are analyzed. The key technical bottlenecks,the related solutions and the application effects of wireless communications for mining are discussed. It can be concluded that the sharp growth of the distributed multi-source and multi-objective dynamic services and their concurrent transmission are the biggest problems for the cooperative networks with high reliability and low delay. In order to effectively optimize the network reliability and transmission efficiency,it is essential to manage and allocate the physical channels and wireless resources by using the cooperative operation characteristics of mine users and equipment,and the corresponding dynamic service.This paper presents a wireless communication mode driven by multi-service attributes for a dynamic cooperative operation in mining scene. In this solution,the internal correlations between the service characteristics and the physical layertransmission are explored on the basis of the extraction of the non-Gaussian pulse interference characteristics of the typical electromechanical equipment in mining and the statistical channel characteristics in the space-time-frequencydomains. From the perspective of channel-link-service fast multi-dimensional matching,the quick matching problems,such as the matching between multi-user cooperative interactive transmission communication link and wireless channel,the matching between multi-hop user links,and the matching between multi-service QoS requirements and wirelesslinks,are solved by using hypergraph matching,graph theory,game theory,and non-orthogonal multiple access theory.The proposed solution is conducive to breaking through the key technical bottleneck of wireless communications,whichlimits the overall perception,interaction and control in the dynamic collaborative mining operation scenarios.