构造致灾突水一直是煤矿安全开采的焦点问题，现有研究缺少对于断层带缓冲作用的考虑以及构造内部特征对于构造本身演化影响的考虑，为了解决这一问题，从构造内因入手，基于岩体极限平衡理论对底板隔水层极限水压进行推导，建立了断层影响下采动应力力学模型，获得了采动影响下断层活化力学判据；依据断层活化的力学判据，获得了承压水作用下断层内部裂隙扩展演化形成突水通道的演化特征，初步提出了由于断层充填物的不均匀性导致断层内部受力不均衡导致突水通道的连通滞后进而引发底板滞后突水的观点。利用RFPA2D-FLOW二维数值模拟软件对底板断层活化以及最终形成滞后突水的过程进行了模拟。基于理论分析和数值模拟对采动诱发底板断层活化及滞后突水的特征进行了深入的研究，获得了采动影响下诱发断层活化及滞后突水机制。结果表明:当工作面回采过断层后，当断层附近围岩体应力极限平衡状态被打破，极易促使断层活化诱发底板突水灾害发生，同时由于断层充填物的不均匀性及其缓冲作用使得突水滞后。该突水机制为目前存在断层活化及底板滞后突水事故风险的工作面的水害防治提供了参考。

Structural disasters and water inrush have always been the focus of coal mine safety. Existing research lacks consideration of the buffering effect of fault zones and the influence of internal structural characteristics on the evolution of the structure itself. To solve this problem, this article started with the internal factors of the structure, based on the rock mass limit equilibrium theory on the floor. The limit water pressure of the aquifer was deduced, the mechanical model of mining stress under the influence of faults was established, and the mechanical criterion of fault activation under the influence of mining was obtained. According to the mechanical criterion of fault activation, the internal fracture propagation of the fault under the action of confined water was obtained. The evolution characteristics of the water inrush channels was formed by the expansion and evolution of the internal fractures of the lower faults. At the same time, it is preliminarily proposed that the inhomogeneous force of the fault filling causes the unbalanced internal force of the fault, which leads to the lag in the connection of the water inrush channels and the delayed water inrush from the floor. The RFPA2D-FLOW two-dimensional numerical simulation software was used to simulate the process of floor fault activation and the final formation of hysteresis water inrush. Based on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the characteristics of floor fault activation and delayed water inrush induced by mining have been deeply studied, and the mechanisms of induced fault activation and delayed water inrush under the influence of mining has been obtained. The results show that when the working face passes through the fault, when the stress limit equilibrium state of the surrounding rock mass near the fault is broken, it is easy to promote the activation of the fault and induce water inrush disaster from the floor. At the same time, the unevenness of the fault filling and its buffering effect make water inrush is lagging behind. This water inrush mechanism provides a good reference for the prevention and control of water hazards in working faces where there is a risk of fault activation and floor lagging water inrush accidents, and it also has certain guiding significance for the retention of waterproof coal pillars.