褐煤等低阶煤直接作为能源物质利用效率低.同时褐煤又含有丰富的天然结构单元.具有较高的化学反应性.这使其作为非能源物质利用成为可能.探索褐煤清洁高值化转化新途径是褐煤非能源利用的现实需求和必然选择.褐煤解聚是实现褐煤清洁高值化利用的潜在途径.但由于解聚后产物组成复杂.如何实现解聚产物的有效利用是限制褐煤解聚这一途径的瓶颈问题.目前.关于褐煤解聚的研究主要集中在解聚方法的建立和解聚条件的优化上.对于解聚产物如何利用则报道较少.基于此.围绕褐煤解聚这一非能源转化利用途径进行文献综述.包括褐煤不同解聚方法及解聚产物组成特征.已报道解聚产物利用途径.解聚产物分离过程等.重点总结了褐煤解聚产物利用途径与分离方法的研究进展.目前褐煤解聚产物利用途径主要包括2个方面.一是根据解聚产物反推煤的原始结构.这方面报道较多,二是利用解聚产物的特点对其进行功能化利用.包括解聚产物不分离直接利用和先对解聚产物分离再利用其中单体.这方面也在逐步探索.而解聚产物分离方法的探索方面.除了常见的离心.过滤.萃取.柱层析外.低共熔溶剂法.抗溶剂法和金属离子配位分离等方法也逐渐用于这类复杂体系的分离.最后.在以上文献调研的基础上.对褐煤解聚产物利用领域中目前研究存在的问题以及今后发展趋势进行了分析.

Lignite,as a typical low rank coal,has low utilization efficiency as primary energy source. However,lignite contains abundant natural structural units and has high chemical reactivity,making it possible to utilize lignite as non-energy resource. Therefore,exploring some value-added approaches of non-energy resource use of lignite becomes the realistic demand and an inevitable choice for the utilization of lignite and other low rank coals. Lignite depolymerization is a potential way to realize the high value utilization of lignite. However,the depolymerized products are rather complex mixtures,and how to realize the effective utilization of depolymerized mixtures is a bottleneck problem that limits the utilization of lignite depolymerization. At present,the reports on lignite depolymerization are mostly focused on the establishment and optimization of lignite depolymerization methods,while there are few reports on how to use the obtained depolymerized products,and there is still a lack of special review on the utilization of lignite depolymerized products and their separation. This review pays special attention on the research progress concerning the utilization of the lignite depolymerized products and the separation approaches,including some different depolymerization methods and composition characteristics of depolymerized products,the reported depolymerization product utilization approaches,and the separation process of depolymerized products,etc.At present,the utilization of lignite depolymerized products mainly includes two aspects. One is to speculate the original structure of coal according to the depolymerized products,which has been widely reported. The second is the functional utilization of depolymerized products due to their characteristics,including direct utilization without separation and the utilization of monomers after separation,which is also being gradually explored. In terms of the exploration of separation methods of depolymerized products,in addition to the common centrifugation,filtration,extraction and column chromatography,the low eutectic solvent method,anti-solvent method and metal ion coordination separation methods are also gradually used for the separation of such complex systems. On the basis of the above literature research,the existing problems and future development trends are analyzed.

1 褐煤解聚方法

2 褐煤解聚产物组成特征

   2.1 解聚产物组分分析方法

   2.2 褐煤解聚产物组成特征

3 解聚产物利用途径与分离过程

   3.1 低阶煤原始结构

   3.2 解聚产物功能化利用

   3.3 褐煤解聚产物分离研究进展

4 存在的问题与发展趋势

   4.1 褐煤解聚利用研究存在的问题

   4.2 褐煤解聚利用发展趋势