煤矿地下水库运行中发现顶板垮落岩石对矿井水具有净化作用，而水岩作用机理尚不明确。为揭示大柳塔煤矿地下水库水岩作用机理，选取水库顶板岩样和矿井水为研究对象，采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM） 、傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）对顶板岩样进行了化学组成分析以及结构分析表征，开展了岩样中5种典型矿物与矿井水的静态作用试验研究，基于矿井水电导率以及其中K+、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+四种阳离子的浓度变化，探讨了可能的水岩作用机理，并研究了Ca2+在绿泥石上的吸附等温线行为及其影响因素。研究结果表明，该水库中的水岩作用包括顶板岩样中可溶矿物的溶解作用，钠长石、钾长石、高岭石、伊利石、绿泥石的水解作用；其中矿井水中增加的K+主要来自钾长石、伊利石的水解作用。顶板岩样对矿井水中的金属离子具有吸附作用，顶板岩样对Mg2+的吸附作用大于顶板岩样中绿泥石的水解作用所释放的Mg2+，而矿井水中Ca2+的减少主要是顶板岩样中绿泥石的吸附作用所致，矿井水中生成CaCO3的沉淀作用也能引起Ca2+的减少。此外，水岩作用可能包括Ca-Mg、K-Mg的阳离子交换。绿泥石对Ca2+的吸附过程存在多分子层的非均匀吸附，且绿泥石表面的吸附位点是不规则的，吸附位点之间的吸附并非相互独立。

During the operation of coal mine underground reservoir, the roof caving rocks have a purification effect on mine water, but the mechanism of water-rock interaction is still unclear. In order to reveal the water-rock interaction mechanism in the underground reservoir of Daliuta Coal Mine, reservoir roof rock sample and mine water were studied. XRD, XRF, SEM and FT-IR were used to analyze the chemical composition and structure of roof rock samples. The static interaction experiments between five typical minerals in rock samples and mine water were carried out. Based on the conductivity of mine water and the concentration changes of K+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ ions. The possible mechanism of water-rock interaction was discussed, and the adsorption isotherm behavior of Ca2+ on chlorite and its influencing factors were studied. The results show that the water-rock interaction in the reservoir includes the dissolution of soluble minerals in the roof rock samples, and the hydrolysis of albite, K-feldspar, kaolinite, illite and chlorite. The increase of K+ in the mine water is mainly from the hydrolysis of K-feldspar and illite. The roof rock sample has an adsorption effect on metal ions in the mine water. The adsorption effect of Mg2+ by the roof rock samples is greater than the Mg2+ released by the hydrolysis of chlorite in the roof rock samples. The decrease of Ca2+ is mainly caused by the adsorption of chlorite in the roof rock samples, and the precipitation of CaCO3 in mine water can also reduce the concentration of Ca2+. In addition, the water-rock interaction may include cation exchange of K-Mg and Ca-Mg. The adsorption process of Ca2+ by chlorite forms a non-uniform adsorption layer of multi-molecular layer, and the adsorption sites on the surface of chlorite are irregular, and the adsorption sites are not independent of each other.