亚失稳阶段是断层黏滑失稳过程中前兆信息最丰富、变化最激烈的阶段。为深入探索煤体黏滑亚失稳阶段显现特征及该过程的声电信号响应规律，开展了不同预制裂纹倾角煤样单轴下的分级加载实验，同步采集了试样的内部破裂源定位和表面位移场，以及声发射和电磁辐射信号，并对煤体亚失稳过程力学行为和声电特征进行了分析。结果表明：①预制裂纹倾角显著影响受载煤样内部应力分布，及亚失稳阶段新生裂纹的拓展分布情况，声发射计数和能量对应力和破坏响应明显，临近黏滑亚失稳时，声发射计数和能量同时出现激增，信号占比接近20%，该响应特征可作为裂纹煤样进入黏滑亚失稳阶段的判断依据；②在进入亚失稳状态后，电磁辐射活动最为剧烈，与应力骤降的发生时间几乎相吻合，主破裂发生前，电磁辐射的能量和幅值急剧增高，且峰值能量随裂纹倾角的增加呈先增后减小，裂纹倾角45°的煤样在亚失稳状态时电磁辐射计数占失稳总过程的比例最大；③亚失稳阶段煤样的破裂轮廓已经基本形成，预制裂纹倾角对煤样亚失稳阶段时长影响显著，倾角45°时亚失稳阶段时长占比最长，倾角为60°时最短。研究成果可为断层亚失稳状态监测方案制定，及断层构造区大型冲击地压演化及致灾机理研究提供理论支撑。

Meta-instability stage is the most abundant precursory information and the most intense change stage in the process of fault stick-slip instability. In order to deeply explore the characteristics of coal meta-instability and the response law of acoustic and electrical signals in this process, the uniaxial graded loading experiments of coal samples with different prefabricated crack angles were carried out. The internal fracture source location, surface displacement field, acoustic emission and electromagnetic radiation signals of the samples were synchronously collected, and the mechanical behavior and acoustic and electrical characteristics of coal meta-instability were analyzed. The results show that: ① The inclination angle of the prefabricated crack significantly affects the internal stress distribution of the loaded coal sample, and even the expansion distribution of the new cracks in the meta-instability stage. The acoustic emission count and energy have obvious responses to stress and failure. When the meta-instability is near, the acoustic emission count and energy increase sharply at the same time, and the signal proportion is close to 20%. The response characteristics can be used as the basis for judging the crack coal sample entering the meta-instability stage. ② After entering the meta-instability state, the electromagnetic radiation activity is the most intense, which is almost consistent with the occurrence time of stress drop. Before the main fracture occurs, the energy and amplitude of electromagnetic radiation increase sharply, and the peak energy increases first and then decreases with the increase of crack dip angle. When the crack dip angle is 45°, the electromagnetic radiation count accounts for the largest proportion of the total instability process. ③ The fracture profile of the coal sample in the meta-instability stage has been basically formed. The inclination angle of the prefabricated crack has a significant impact on the duration of the meta-instability stage of the coal sample. When the inclination angle is 45°, the duration of the meta-instability stage is the longest, and when the inclination angle is 60°, the duration proportion is the shortest. The research results can be used to formulate the monitoring scheme of fault meta-instability, and the evolution and disaster of large-scale rock burst in fault structural area