CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute
Coal Mining Branch,Chinese Institute of Coal Science
Coal Mining and Designing Department,Tiandi Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.
State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization

为获取缓冲垫层放置位置及厚度的选取依据,分析了缓冲垫层对冲击地压巷道锚杆支护系统中托板及组合结构抗冲击性能的影响。利用落锤冲击试验装置,测试了托板、W型钢护板和橡胶缓冲垫层等4种组合结构的动载力学性能,得到了试样的冲击力时程曲线、位移时程曲线及变形特征,分析了W型钢护板、缓冲垫层位置及厚度对托板动态力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:托板均经历了拱高降低、四角翘起、拱底面积减小等变形过程。随着冲击能量的增加,试样冲击力峰值及变形量呈增加趋势,冲击力时程曲线可分为初期震荡、急速上升、平稳震荡和迅速下降等4个阶段。与单独托板相比,W型钢护板可降低冲击力峰值、增加试样震荡作用时间、有效保护试样的完整性和提高试样抗冲击性能。通过对比缓冲垫层放置位置及厚度的冲击力峰值、位移量、冲击能量吸收率及托板变形量,得到缓冲垫层放置在W型钢护板与围岩接触面之间时,抗冲击性能更好,其合理厚度在16~18mm。根据托板静载拱高变形量要求,单独托板可承受约2500J的冲击能量,W型钢护板及缓冲垫层组合结构可起到吸能、改善托板承载特性及提高托板抗冲击性能等作用,现场应用效果良好。

To determine the position and thickness of cushioning layer,the influence of cushioning layer on the impact resistance performance of supporting plate and composite structure in rock burst roadway is analyzed. The dynamic performance of four kinds of combined structures,such as supporting plate,W-steel guard plate and rubber cushioning layer,was investigated by using the drop hammer impact test device,and the impact force-time curve,displacement-time curve and deformation characteristics of the samples were obtained. The influence of W-shapedsteel guard plate,and the position and thickness of cushioning layer on the dynamic mechanical properties of supporting plate in samples was analyzed. The results show that the deformation of the supporting plate in the sample experiences a process of arch height reduction,four corners lifting and arch bottom area decrease. With the increase of impact energy,the impact peak force and deformation of the samples show an increasing trend. The impact force-time curve can be divided into four stages:initial shocking,rapid rising,steady shocking and rapid decline. Compared with the single supporting plate,the W-shaped steel guard plate can reduce the peak impact force and increase the shocking time of the sample,effectively protecting the integrity of the sample and improving the impact resistance of the sample. By comparing the impact peak force,displacement,energy absorption rate,and deformation of the supporting plate of the cushioning layer placed in different positions and thicknesses,it is found that the cushioning layer placed between the W-shaped steel plate and the surrounding rock contact surface has better impact resistance performance,and the reasonable thickness is in a range of 16-18 mm. According to the requirement of high deformation of the supporting plate under the static load,the supporting plate can resist the impact energy of 2 500 J,and the combined structure consisting of of a W-shaped steel guard plate and cushioning layer can achieve energy absorption,improve the bearing characteristics of the supporting plate and enhance the impact resistance of the supporting plate,peforming well in field application.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974160,52174080);天地科技重点基金资助项目(2022-2-TD-ZD016)