为解决传统预裂爆破煤体裂隙无序扩展导致增透效果不佳的问题，开展了聚能爆破药管不同聚能罩张开角度对煤层增透效果影响研究。通过建立聚能罩微元闭合理论模型，分析了随着聚能罩角度减少时形成聚能射流的速度和质量变化；以此为基础对聚能爆破增透机制进行了分析。在实验室搭建了可从煤体宏观裂纹和应变数据多角度对试验模型进行分析的双向加载气固耦合爆破相似模拟试验系统，对含瓦斯煤体试块进行普通爆破和不同聚能张开角爆破模拟对比试验。结果表明，使用聚能药包相较于普通爆破能够有效引导裂纹在聚能罩开口方向上定向发育；随着聚能罩角度减少，聚能爆破后形成的裂纹在聚能方向上更加平滑，裂纹宽度也随之增加，试块剖面更加平整；根据超动态应变仪反演结果，1号测点60°、80°和100°聚能爆破的压应力峰值分别为普通爆破的1.52倍，1.26倍和1.08倍，且60°聚能爆破到达应力峰值的时间最短，表明随着聚能罩开口的减小，聚能方向上能量集中现象越明显。通过ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对4种不同角度的聚能爆破进行对比分析。模拟结果中60°聚能爆破初始形成的聚能射流有效应力最大，聚能方向产生的裂纹最长。试验和模拟结果表明通过使用60°聚能药包可得到更好的爆破效果，研究成果对松软高瓦斯煤层聚能爆破增透有一定的参考意义。

In order to solve the problem of poor permeability enhancement effect caused by disorderly expansion of coal cracks in traditional presplitting blasting, the influence of different opening angles of shaped charge blasting cartridge on permeability enhancement effect of coal seam was studied. By establishing the theoretical model of micro element closure of shaped charge hood, the velocity and mass changes of shaped charge jet were analyzed when the angle of shaped charge hood decreased; On this basis, the mechanism of penetration enhancement by shaped charge blasting is analyzed. A two-way loading gas-solid coupling blasting similar simulation experiment system was built in the laboratory, which can analyze the experimental model from multiple angles of coal macro crack and strain data. The common blasting and different shaped energy opening angle blasting simulation experiments were carried out on the test block of coal containing gas. The results show that the use of shaped charge can effectively guide the directional development of cracks in the opening direction of shaped charge compared with ordinary blasting; With the decrease of the angle of the shaped charge hood, the crack formed after shaped charge blasting is smoother in the direction of energy accumulation, the crack width also increases, and the section of the test block is smoother; According to the inversion results of the super dynamic strain gauge, the peak compressive stress of 60 °, 80 ° and 100 ° shaped charge blasting at No. 1 measuring point is 1.52 times, 1.26 times and 1.08 times that of ordinary blasting, respectively, and the time to reach the peak stress of 60 ° shaped charge blasting is the shortest, indicating that with the reduction of the opening of the shaped charge cover, the upward energy concentration phenomenon is more obvious. Four different angles of shaped charge blasting were compared and analyzed by ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. The simulation results show that the effective stress of the shaped charge jet formed initially by 60 ° shaped charge blasting is the largest, and the crack generated in the direction of shaped charge blasting is the longest. The test and simulation results show that better blasting effect can be obtained by using 60 ° shaped charge. The research results have certain reference significance for the permeability enhancement of shaped charge blasting in soft and high gas coal seam.