煤炭开采会引起上覆岩层自下而上变形、破断及移动，并导致地表沉陷等问题，其本质是一个力学过程，故亟需发展基于岩层破断力学机理的移动理论模型。首先简要回顾了国内外岩层移动理论模型，然后重点介绍了本团队近年来在岩层整体移动理论模型方面的研究进展。基于不同层位岩层的破断形态的力学分析和相似模拟试验结果，提出了采动覆岩整体移动“类双曲线”模型，其顶点大约位于上覆岩层主关键层的层位。进而建立了岩层移动内外“类双曲线”整体模型，给出了采动覆岩内外整体移动表达式及物理意义参数体系。针对不同覆岩和煤层赋存条件，分析了岩层整体移动“类双曲线”模型的演化规律。在此基础上，进一步从将二维“类双曲线”拓展到三维“类双曲面”模型，建立了采动覆岩全空间“类双曲面”立体移动模型，该模型包含“类单叶”和“类双叶”双曲面。该理论模型是在我国很多前辈及学者的研究基础上，从系统科学的角度考虑岩层的整体移动规律，初步形成了采动覆岩整体移动“类双曲线(面)”理论模型框架，希望能为我国煤炭科学开采提供理论指导。

Coal mining can cause the deformation, fracture, and movement of overlying strata from bottom to top, leading to surface subsidence and other problems. This is a mechanical process, so it is urgent to develop a movement theoretical model based on the mechanical mechanism of rock fracture. Firstly, this paper reviews some theoretical models of rock movement worldwide, and then focuses on our research progress in the field of overall rock movement theoretical models in recent years. Based on the mechanical analysis of the fracture morphology of different layers of rock and the results of similar simulation tests, an “analogous hyperbola” model for the overall movement of mining induced overlying strata was proposed, the focus of the model was approximately located in the layer of the main key stratum of the overlying strata. Furthermore, the overall model of “analogous hyperbola” inside and outside the strata movement was established, and the expression and physical significance parameter system for the internal and external movement of mining overlying rocks were provided. The evolution law of the “hyperbolic like” model for the overall movement of rock layers was analyzed based on different occurrence conditions of overlying rocks and coal seams. On this basis, further extending the two-dimensional “analogous hyperbola” model to the three-dimensional “analogous hyperboloid” model, the three-dimensional movement model of “analogous hyperboloid” in the whole space of mining overburden was established, which includes “quasi-single-leaf” and “quasi-double-leaf” hyperboloids. This theoretical model is based on the research of many predecessors and scholars in China, from the perspective of systems science, it considers the overall movement law of rock layers. A preliminary theoretical model framework of the “analogous hyperbola (hyperboloid)” theory for the overall movement of mining overburden has been formed, hoping to provide a theoretical guidance for scientific coal mining in China.