School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology
CCTEG Shenyang Research Institute

瓦斯放散初速度是鉴定煤与瓦斯突出危险性的重要指标之一。现有研究未将煤的瓦斯放散初速度指标测试与突出鉴定的其他3个指标（煤层瓦斯压力、煤的破坏类型、煤的坚固性系数）的测试有机结合。现行瓦斯放散初速度测定方法基于AQ 1080—2009《煤的瓦斯放散初速度指标（∆p）测定方法》，测定结果仅反映标准实验条件下瓦斯通过煤粒子向外释放的难易程度，未考虑煤层瓦斯赋存的原位环境，无法准确反映现场煤岩体内部瓦斯向外释放的灾害严重程度。针对上述问题，提出了一种原位瓦斯放散初速度测定装置及方法：采用原始煤块代替煤颗粒，用原始瓦斯成分代替甲烷，增加煤体所处瓦斯压力、应力、温度环境，还原测定的原位环境。对某煤矿煤与瓦斯突出煤层进行原位瓦斯放散初速度测定试验，得出结论：① 随着模拟瓦斯放散过程的进行，瓦斯放散流量逐渐减小，随时间大致呈负指数变化规律。用瓦斯流量表征原位瓦斯放散初速度，则ΔpQA=7.1 mmHg，ΔpQI=2.9 mmHg。② 随着模拟放散过程的进行，放散空间内的瓦斯压力逐渐增大，放散瓦斯压力增大速度逐渐减小，瓦斯压力随时间变化大致呈对数函数关系。用放散瓦斯压力表征原位瓦斯放散初速度，则ΔpPA=25 mmHg，ΔpPI=26.6 mmHg，ΔpPD=11 mmHg。测定结果可综合反映煤层赋存的双重孔隙结构、煤体的力学特性、煤体内瓦斯的赋存能量、煤层赋存的地应力和温度等原位环境，真实反映煤矿井下发生突出危险性程度。

The initial velocity of gas emission is one of the important indicators for identifying the risk of coal and gas outburst. The existing research has not organically combined the testing of the initial gas emission rate index of coal with the testing of the other three indicators for outburst identification (coal seam gas pressure, coal failure type, and coal solidity coefficient). The current method for measuring the initial velocity of gas emission is based on AQ 1080-2009 "Method for Measuring the Initial Velocity Index (∆p) of Coal Gas Emission". The measurement results only reflect the difficulty of gas emission through coal particles under standard experimental conditions, without considering the in-situ environment of coal seam gas occurrence. The results cannot accurately reflect the severity of the disaster of gas emission inside the coal rock mass on site. In order to solve the above problems, the device and method for measuring the initial velocity of in-situ gas emission are proposed. The method replaces coal particles with original coal blocks, replaces methane with original gas components, increases the gas pressure, stress, and temperature environment in which the coal body is located. The method restores the in-situ environment for measurement. A in-situ gas emission initial velocity measurement experiment is conducted by use of coal samples from coal and gas outburst coal seams in a certain coal mine. The conclusions are listed as follows. ① With the simulation of gas emission process, the gas emission flow rate gradually decreases and shows a negative exponential change law with time. The gas flow rate is used to characterize the initial velocity of in-situ gas emission, then ΔpQA=7.1 mmHg, ΔpQI=2.9 mmHg. ② As the simulation of the gas emission process progresses, the gas pressure in the emission space gradually increases, and the rate of gas pressure increase gradually decreases. The gas pressure changes roughly with time in a logarithmic function relationship. The emission gas pressure is used to characterize the initial velocity of in-situ gas emission, then ΔpPA=25 mmHg, ΔpPI=26.6 mmHg, ΔpPD=11 mmHg. The measurement results can comprehensively reflect the dual pore structure of coal seams, the mechanical properties of coal bodies, the energy of gas occurrence in coal bodies, the in-situ environment of stress and temperature in coal seams, and truly reflect the degree of outburst danger in coal mines underground.

辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目（2022-MS-463）。

薛伟超. 煤的原位瓦斯放散初速度测定装置及方法研究[J]. 工矿自动化，2024，50（4）：121-127.

XUE Weichao. Research on the device and method for measuring the initial velocity of in-situ gas emission from coal[J]. Journal of Mine Automation，2024，50（4）：121-127.