固体氧化物燃料电池(SolidOxideFuelCell,SOFC)是一种能量转换装置,可以通过电化学反应将燃料中的化学能直接转换为电能。目前,SOFC大多被视为固定式发电技术,然而因其具有燃料灵活性、高效率和高能量密度等特点,在移动式发电领域如辅助动力、无人机动力、远程电源等也具有广阔应用前景。与固定式SOFC应用相比,移动式SOFC研究进展起步相对较晚,技术较不完善。移动式SOFC系统通常包括电堆、重整器、供气装置、尾燃器、换热器和储能组件等核心组件。开发SOFC移动系统需要考虑系统的鲁棒性、易用性以及发电能力等,而移动式SOFC系统部件相对较复杂,这些部件的耦合匹配特性又会显著影响系统的紧凑性、启动特性及体积/质量功率密度。从热特性、启动策略及高功率密度混合动力系统集成等方面对国内外移动式SOFC系统集成技术的研究进展进行综述。最后,基于对现有研究成果的总结提出了未来移动式SOFC系统集成中存在的挑战,及在材料与工艺的改进、新型启动策略和混合系统设计与优化等方面的发展方向。

Solid oxide fuel cells ( SOFCs) are energy conversion devices that can convert the chemical energy in fuels into electricitythrough electrochemical reactions. At present, SOFC is mostly regarded as a stationary power generation technology. However, due to itsfuel flexibility, high efficiency, and high energy density, it also has broad application prospects in the field of mobile power generation,such as auxiliary power, drone power, remote power supply, etc. Compared to the stationary applications of SOFCs, the progress towardthe mobile applications of SOFCs starts relatively late and the technology is relatively incomplete. Mobile SOFC systems typically consistof SOFC stacks, fuel supply systems, oxygen supply systems, thermal management systems, and power management systems. When developing SOFC mobile systems, system robustness, ease of use, and power generation capacity should be considered. However, the components of mobile SOFC systems are relatively complex, and the coupling and matching characteristics of these components will significantlyaffect the system compactness, startup characteristics, and volume/ mass power density of the system. This paper provided a review of thedomestic and international research progress on the integration technologies of mobile SOFC systems, covering aspects such as thermal characteristics, startup strategies, and the integration of high-power density hybrid systems. Finally, based on a summary of existingresearch findings, the challenges in the future integration of mobile SOFC systems were identified, along with such directions for developmentas improvements in materials and processes, the exploration of novel startup strategies, and the design and optimization of hybrid systems.

0 引言

1 热区集成和热管理

2 启动特性

3 基于SOFC的混合动力系统

4 结论