提出了断层摩擦滑移室内试验方法,研究了不同倾角断层摩擦滑移过程中应力、应变、声发射、温度场等演化规律,探讨了断层倾角影响下断层滑移失稳的能量机制。研究结果表明:随着断层倾角增加,断层面阻滑特性及摩擦破坏程度均减小;在断层滑移失稳之前,断层面不同位置应变均产生分化现象,其中垂直断层面应变产生分化现象早于平行断层面,但随着断层倾角增大,断层面不同位置应变在滑移失稳之前协同性增强。声发射信号强度随着断层倾角增大而减小,尤其在滑移失稳阶段声发射b值随着断层倾角增大而显著增加,大尺度微破裂减少;随着断层倾角增大,断层滑移过程中释放的热量及滑移失稳阶段温度增幅均显著减小。大倾角断层不利于积聚能量,但易发生滑移且多次释放能量,易诱发断层-煤体结构失稳型冲击地压,而小倾角断层利于积聚能量,单次失稳滑移释放能量更多,更易诱发断层强动载扰动型冲击地压。

The laboratory test method of fault friction slip is proposed, and the evolution laws of stress, strain, acoustic emission and temperature field are studied in the process of fault friction slip with differ- ent dip angles. Based on the laws, the energy mechanism of fault slip instability under the influence of fault dip angles is analyzed. Results show that the developed laboratory test method for simulating fault friction slip can effectively carry out the friction slip test of faults with different dip angles, different fault surface characteristics, different lithological combinations or different stress conditions. The anti- sliding capacity of fault and the degree of frictional failure on fault surface decrease with the increase of fault dip angle. Before the fault slide, the strain at different positions of the fault surface produces differ-entiation, and the strain differentiation of the vertical fault surface occurs earlier than that of the parallel surface. The synergy of strains at different positions of fault surface increases as the fault dip angle in- creases before slip becomes instable. The AE signal intensity decreases with the increase of fault dip an- gle. In the slip destabilization stage, the AE b-value increases significantly with the increase of dip angle, and there is fewer large-scale micro fracture. Besides, the fault surface is always in a heating state during the friction slip process. With the increase of fault dip angle, the heat released during the fault slip process and the temperature increment in the instability stage evidently decrease. The fault with large dip angle is not conducive to energy accumulation, but it is prone to slip and releases energy many times to induce rock burst of fault-coal structure instability, while the fault with small dip angle is conducive to accumulating more energy and releasing more energy in one slip time which is more likely to induce strong dynamic load rock burst.