钾盐矿作为我国战略性非金属矿产，其安全高效开采直接关系到国家粮食安全和经济社会稳定。针对其地下开采遗留的采空区和选矿产生的固液尾废，总结了地下固体钾盐矿开采方法和充填方式的特点，系统介绍了不同充填胶凝材料的固结机理和研究进展，明确了胶凝材料配方及配比、尾废−胶结料固结体力学性能、胶结充填配套工艺等研究方向，为钾盐矿开发企业选择合适开采方式、充填方法和基于固液尾废的充填材料提供了参考。分析表明：低掺量氯氧镁水泥、粉煤灰、外加剂复合型胶凝材料，是现阶段实现地下固体钾盐矿山高效安全、低尾废排放、低成本充填开采的关键。

Potassium salt as a strategic non−metallic mineral in China, its safe and efficient exploitation was directly related to national food security and economic and social stability. Aiming at the goaf left by underground mining and the solid−liquid tail waste generated by beneficiation, The characteristics of underground mining methods and filling methods of solid sylvite mines were summarized, besides generally introducing the cementation mechanism of different filling cementitious materials and the current research situation. The research directions covering cementitious material formula and proportion, mechanical properties of tailing−waste−colloid cement, and supporting technology of cementitious filling were clarified, so as to provide references for the potash mine developers to choose suitable mining methods, filling methods and solid−liquid tailing−waste−based filling materials. The analysis shows that the composite cementitious material with low dosage of magnesium chloride−oxygen cement, fly ash and additives is the key to realize the high efficiency and safety of solid potash underground mine which produces low tailing waste emission and low−cost of filling mining at the present stage.