在应对全球气候变化和减少温室气体排放的紧迫需求下,开发高效、经济的CO2捕集技术成为科研工作的重中之重。在此背景下,金属有机框架(MOFs)与共价有机框架(COFs)及其衍生物因其独特的物理化学性质而成为研究的热点之一。系统地回顾和分析近年来MOFs/COFs等多孔结构的CO2吸附相关研究进展,比较探讨了MOFs、COFs及其衍生物在CO2捕集方面的性能优化策略。聚焦于材料的设计与合成、CO2吸附性能评估、吸附机制解析等方面,全面总结了影响结构吸附性能的关键因素。特别关注了结构的功能化修饰、孔径调控、表面性质改进以及复合材料等策略对CO2吸附能力的影响,并探讨了通过试验和理论计算相结合的方式,揭示吸附剂与吸附质之间的相互作用机制,提供了分子层面的理解。最后分析了现有研究中存在的问题和挑战,提出了未来研究的方向和建议。

In response to the urgent need to address global climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions,the development ofefficient and cost-effective CO2 capture technologies has become a primary focus of scientific research. In this context,Metal-OrganicFrameworks (MOFs) and Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs),along with their derivatives,have emerged as prominent areas ofstudy due to their unique physicochemical properties. This paper systematically reviews and analyzes recent advancements in CO2adsorption research related to MOFs,COFs,and other porous structures. It compares and explores the performance optimizationstrategies for CO2 capture in MOFs,COFs,and their derivatives. The focus is on aspects such as material design and synthesis,CO2adsorption performance evaluation,and adsorption mechanism analysis. The key factors influencing structural adsorption performancewere comprehensively summarized,with particular emphasis on the impact of structural functionalization,pore size modulation,surfaceproperty enhancement,and composite materials on CO2 adsorption capacity. Additionally,it discusses the combined experimental andtheoretical approaches used to reveal the interaction mechanisms between adsorbents and adsorbates,providing molecular-level insights.Finally,the paper addresses existing problems and challenges in current research and proposes directions and recommendations for futurestudies.