为探究回采工作面过背斜段的底板破坏特征，以赵固一矿16091工作面为例，依据工作面实际地质条件和现场微震监测数据划分了过背斜段与正常开采段，对比分析了工作面过背斜段与正常开采段底板微震事件分布特征，揭示了微震角度下工作面过背斜段底板破坏特征；通过相似模拟试验揭示了工作面在背斜构造下采煤底板破坏规律。研究表明：在工作面过背斜段回采时，B₁背斜轴部为高能量核密度区；工作面过背斜前期段、后期段的底板破坏深度分别为正常开采段的1.12、1.08倍，底板破坏边界均触及L₈灰岩内部；在深部承压水体上采煤过程中，过背斜段构造应力对底板失稳破坏具有显著影响作用。

In order to explore the floor failure characteristics of the passing anticline section of the working face, taking the 16091 working face of Zhaogu No.1 mine as an example, the passing anticline section and the normal mining section are divided according to the actual geological conditions of the working face and the field microseismic monitoring data, and the distribution characteristics of microseismic events of the passing anticline section and the normal mining section are compared and analyzed. The failure characteristics of the floor of the working face passing anticline section under the microseismic angle are revealed. Then the failure law of coal mining floor under anticlinal structure is revealed by similar simulation test. The results show that the anticlinal axis of B₁ is a region of high energy core density when the working face passes through the anticlinal section; the failure depth of the floor in the early and late anticlinal sections of the working face is 1.12 and 1.08 times that of the normal mining section, respectively, and the failure boundary of the floor touches the interior of L₈ limestone. In the process of coal mining on deep confined water body, the tectonic stress in the passing anticlinal section has a significant effect on the instability failure of floor.