随钻测量数据声波传输是实现煤矿井下钻孔数据高速、准确传输的重要手段，有利于改变目前煤矿井下瓦斯抽采大部分处于“盲钻”的局面。为了验证钻杆中声波传输的可靠性，探究矿用钻杆组成的钻杆柱的声波传播特性；根据固体中声波传输的基本理论，将声波传输信道等效为由钻杆及其接头组成的周期性结构，利用声波在周期性结构中的传播方程分析声波在钻杆柱中的传输特性；通过数值模拟对声波在钻杆中的传播进行分析，对比研究不同钻杆直径、敲击位置以及埋沙注水工况对声波的传播特性和衰减规律的影响。结果表明：较大的钻杆外直径和低敲击点有利于信号传输；钻杆内部注水信号明显衰减，信号幅值呈指数规律衰减，而外部埋沙环境对信号强度的影响可以忽略；试验平台得到的声波实际传播的激励信号、声波输出和衰减特性与仿真结果基本趋势吻合。

The acoustic wave transmission of MWD data is an important means to realize the high-speed and accurate transmission of borehole data in coal mine, which is conducive to changing the situation that most of the underground gas extraction in coal mine is in “blind drilling”. In order to verify the reliability of acoustic wave transmission in drill pipe, the acoustic wave propagation characteristics of drill pipe pillar composed of mining drill pipe are investigated. According to the basic theory of sound wave transmission in solid, the sound wave transmission channel is equivalent to a periodic structure composed of drill pipe and its joint, and the transmission characteristics of sound wave in drill pipe are analyzed by using the propagation equation of sound wave in periodic structure. Through numerical simulation, the propagation of sound waves in drill pipe is analyzed, and the effects of different drill pipe diameters, knock positions and sand injection conditions on the propagation characteristics and attenuation law of sound waves are compared. The results show that the larger outer diameter of drill pipe and the lower knock point are beneficial to signal transmission. The water injection signal inside the drill pipe attenuates obviously, and the amplitude of the signal attenuates exponentially, while the influence of the external sand environment on the signal intensity can be ignored. The excitation signal, acoustic output and attenuation characteristics obtained by the test platform agree with the basic trend of the simulation results.